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Deep learning has an increasing impact to assist research, allowing, for example, the discovery of novel materials. Until now, however, these artificial intelligence techniques have fallen short of discovering the full differential equation…

High order momentum-based parameter update algorithms have seen widespread applications in training machine learning models. Recently, connections with variational approaches have led to the derivation of new learning algorithms with…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-06-08 Joseph E. Gaudio , Anuradha M. Annaswamy , José M. Moreu , Michael A. Bolender , Travis E. Gibson

Neural Ordinary Differential Equations (ODE) are a promising approach to learn dynamic models from time-series data in science and engineering applications. This work aims at learning Neural ODE for stiff systems, which are usually raised…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-10-04 Suyong Kim , Weiqi Ji , Sili Deng , Yingbo Ma , Christopher Rackauckas

We explore in detail a method to solve ordinary differential equations using feedforward neural networks. We prove a specific loss function, which does not require knowledge of the exact solution, to be a suitable standard metric to…

Computational Physics · Physics 2020-06-02 Liam L. H. Lau , Denis Werth

Unlike conventional grid and mesh based methods for solving partial differential equations (PDEs), neural networks have the potential to break the curse of dimensionality, providing approximate solutions to problems where using classical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-01 Marc Finzi , Andres Potapczynski , Matthew Choptuik , Andrew Gordon Wilson

The time evolution of dynamical systems is frequently described by ordinary differential equations (ODEs), which must be solved for given initial conditions. Most standard approaches numerically integrate ODEs producing a single solution…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-26 Cedric Flamant , Pavlos Protopapas , David Sondak

Neural Ordinary Differential Equations (ODEs) are elegant reinterpretations of deep networks where continuous time can replace the discrete notion of depth, ODE solvers perform forward propagation, and the adjoint method enables efficient,…

Nonlinear PDE solvers require fine space-time discretizations and local linearizations, leading to high memory cost and slow runtimes. Neural operators such as FNOs and DeepONets offer fast single-shot inference by learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-23 Yifei Sun

The idea of neural Ordinary Differential Equations (ODE) is to approximate the derivative of a function (data model) instead of the function itself. In residual networks, instead of having a discrete sequence of hidden layers, the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-09-20 Seyedalireza Khoshsirat , Chandra Kambhamettu

Deep neural networks have become invaluable tools for supervised machine learning, e.g., classification of text or images. While often offering superior results over traditional techniques and successfully expressing complicated patterns in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-02-19 Eldad Haber , Lars Ruthotto

Conventional solvers are often computationally expensive for constrained optimization, particularly in large-scale and time-critical problems. While this leads to a growing interest in using neural networks (NNs) as fast optimal solution…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-09-24 Minsoo Kim , Hongseok Kim

Neural Ordinary Differential Equations (Neural ODEs) represent a significant breakthrough in deep learning, promising to bridge the gap between machine learning and the rich theoretical frameworks developed in various mathematical fields…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Jaouad Dabounou

Scientific machine learning is an emerging field that broadly describes the combination of scientific computing and machine learning to address challenges in science and engineering. Within the context of differential equations, this has…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Laurens R. Lueg , Victor Alves , Daniel Schicksnus , John R. Kitchin , Carl D. Laird , Lorenz T. Biegler

PDE-Constrained Optimization (PDECO) problems can be accelerated significantly by employing gradient-based methods with surrogate models like neural operators compared to traditional numerical solvers. However, this approach faces two key…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Ze Cheng , Zhuoyu Li , Xiaoqiang Wang , Jianing Huang , Zhizhou Zhang , Zhongkai Hao , Hang Su

Solving time-dependent Partial Differential Equations (PDEs) using a densely discretized spatial domain is a fundamental problem in various scientific and engineering disciplines, including modeling climate phenomena and fluid dynamics.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Jan Hagnberger , Daniel Musekamp , Mathias Niepert

In deep learning, different kinds of deep networks typically need different optimizers, which have to be chosen after multiple trials, making the training process inefficient. To relieve this issue and consistently improve the model…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-02 Xingyu Xie , Pan Zhou , Huan Li , Zhouchen Lin , Shuicheng Yan

Stiff systems of ordinary differential equations (ODEs) are pervasive in many science and engineering fields, yet standard neural ODE approaches struggle to learn them. This limitation is the main barrier to the widespread adoption of…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-10-10 Colby Fronk , Linda Petzold

Neural ordinary differential equations (NODEs) are an effective approach for data-driven modeling of dynamical systems arising from simulations and experiments. One of the major shortcomings of NODEs, especially when coupled with explicit…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-12-30 Allen Alvarez Loya , Daniel A. Serino , J. W. Burby , Qi Tang

Recent work in deep learning focuses on solving physical systems in the Ordinary Differential Equation or Partial Differential Equation. This current work proposed a variant of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) that can learn the hidden…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-02 Mansura Habiba , Barak A. Pearlmutter

The neural Ordinary Differential Equation (ODE) model has shown success in learning complex continuous-time processes from observations on discrete time stamps. In this work, we consider the modeling and forecasting of time series data that…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-06-05 Yixuan Tan , Liyan Xie , Xiuyuan Cheng