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The proof of the long-standing conjecture is presented that Markovian quantum master equations are at odds with quantum thermodynamics under conventional assumptions of fluctuation-dissipation theorems (implying a translation invariant…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-11-01 Dmitry V. Zhdanov , Denys I. Bondar , Tamar Seideman

We study thermalization slowing down of a quantum many-body spin system upon approach to two distinct integrability limits. Motivated by previous studies of classical systems, we identify two thermalization time scales: one quantum Lyapunov…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-12-25 Budhaditya Bhattacharjee , Alexei Andreanov , Sergej Flach

Eigenstate thermalization has been numerically shown to occur for few-body observables in a wide range of nonintegrable models. For intensive sums of few-body observables, a weaker version of eigenstate thermalization known as weak…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-05-13 Patrycja Łydżba , Rafał Świętek , Marcin Mierzejewski , Marcos Rigol , Lev Vidmar

Energy filter methods in combination with quantum simulation can efficiently access the properties of quantum many-body systems at finite energy densities [Lu et al. PRX Quantum 2, 020321 (2021)]. Classically simulating this algorithm with…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-07-08 Maxine Luo , Rahul Trivedi , Mari Carmen Bañuls , J. Ignacio Cirac

According to the eigenstate thermalization hypothesis (ETH), the eigenstate-to-eigenstate fluctuations of expectation values of local observables should decrease with increasing system size. In approaching the thermodynamic limit - the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2021-04-14 Goran Nakerst , Masudul Haque

There are both practical and foundational motivations to consider the thermodynamics of quantum systems at small scales. Here we address the issue of autonomous quantum thermal machines that are tailored to achieve some specific…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-03-08 Max F. Frenzel , David Jennings , Terry Rudolph

Inspired by the avalanche scenario for many-body localization (MBL) instability, we reverse the conventional set-up and ask whether a large weakly-disordered chain can thermalize a smaller, strongly-disordered chain when the composite…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2026-01-21 Soumya Kanti Pal , C L Sriram , Shamik Gupta

Integrable systems do not obey the strong eigenstate thermalization hypothesis (ETH), which has been proposed as a mechanism of thermalization in isolated quantum systems. It has been suggested that an integrable system reaches a steady…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2019-07-29 Takashi Ishii , Takashi Mori

Recently, there have been significant new insights concerning conditions under which closed systems equilibrate locally. The question if subsystems thermalize---if the equilibrium state is independent of the initial state---is however much…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-10-02 M. Cramer

The Eigenstate Thermalization Hypothesis (ETH) implies a form for the matrix elements of local operators between eigenstates of the Hamiltonian, expected to be valid for chaotic systems. Another signal of chaos is a positive Lyapunov…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2019-05-01 Laura Foini , Jorge Kurchan

This review gives a pedagogical introduction to the eigenstate thermalization hypothesis (ETH), its basis, and its implications to statistical mechanics and thermodynamics. In the first part, ETH is introduced as a natural extension of…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2016-08-02 Luca D'Alessio , Yariv Kafri , Anatoli Polkovnikov , Marcos Rigol

We prove the Eigenstate Thermalization Hypothesis for general Wigner-type matrices in the bulk of the self-consistent spectrum, with optimal control on the fluctuations for observables of arbitrary rank. As the main technical ingredient, we…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-04-05 Volodymyr Riabov , László Erdős

We study in detail the properties of the quantum East model, an interacting quantum spin chain inspired by simple kinetically-constrained models of classical glasses. Through a combination of analytics, exact diagonalization and…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2020-06-09 Nicola Pancotti , Giacomo Giudice , J. Ignacio Cirac , Juan P. Garrahan , Mari Carmen Bañuls

Eigenstate thermalization hypothesis (ETH) is discussed. We show that one common formulation of ETH does not necessarily imply thermalization of an observable of isolated many body quantum system. To get thermalization one has to postulate…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2020-02-06 Oleg Inozemcev , Igor Volovich

The Eigenstate Thermalization Hypothesis (ETH) has played a key role in recent advances in the high energy and condensed matter communities. It explains how an isolated quantum system in a far-from-equilibrium initial state can evolve to a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-14 Elena Cáceres , Stefan Eccles , Jason Pollack , Sarah Racz

A large class of isolated quantum system in a pure state can equilibrate and serve as a heat bath. We show that once the equilibrium is reached, any of its subsystems that is much smaller than the isolated system is thermalized such that…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2014-06-13 Quntao Zhuang , Biao Wu

The eigenstate thermalization hypothesis (ETH) and the theory of linear response (LRT) are celebrated cornerstones of our understanding of the physics of many-body quantum systems out of equilibrium. While the ETH provides a generic…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2019-05-29 Jonas Richter , Jochen Gemmer , Robin Steinigeweg

Thermalization is the process through which a physical system evolves toward a state of thermal equilibrium. Determining whether or not a physical system will thermalize from an initial state has been a key question in condensed matter…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-05 Dhruv Devulapalli , T. C. Mooney , James D. Watson

Significant attention has been devoted to the problem of thermalization of observables in isolated quantum setups by individual eigenstates. Here, we address this issue from an open quantum system perspective, examining an isolated setup…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-15 Krzysztof Ptaszynski , Massimiliano Esposito

We investigate the eigenstate thermalization properties of the spin-1/2 $XXZ$ model in two-dimensional rectangular lattices of size $L_1\times L_2$ under periodic boundary conditions. Exploiting the symmetry property, we can perform an…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2023-02-01 Jae Dong Noh