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Legged locomotion is commonly studied and expressed as a discrete set of gait patterns, like walk, trot, gallop, which are usually treated as given and pre-programmed in legged robots for efficient locomotion at different speeds. However,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-11-03 Zipeng Fu , Ashish Kumar , Jitendra Malik , Deepak Pathak

Legged robots offer several advantages when navigating unstructured environments, but they often fall short of the efficiency achieved by wheeled robots. One promising strategy to improve their energy economy is to leverage their natural…

Worm-inspired robots provide an effective locomotion strategy for constrained environments by combining cyclic body deformation with alternating anchoring. For compliant robots, however, the interaction between deformable anchoring…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Xinyu Zhou , Yu Mei , Faith Thomson , Christian Luedtke , Xinda Qi , Xiaobo Tan

Legged robots are promising candidates for exploring challenging areas on low-gravity bodies such as the Moon, Mars, or asteroids, thanks to their advanced mobility on unstructured terrain. However, as planetary robots' power and thermal…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Philip Arm , Oliver Fischer , Joseph Church , Adrian Fuhrer , Hendrik Kolvenbach , Marco Hutter

Animals run robustly in diverse terrain. This locomotion robustness is puzzling because axon conduction velocity is limited to a few ten meters per second. If reflex loops deliver sensory information with significant delays, one would…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-12-02 An Mo , Fabio Izzi , Emre Cemal Gönen , Daniel Haeufle , Alexander Badri-Spröwitz

Stabilizing legged robot locomotion on a dynamic rigid surface (DRS) (i.e., rigid surface that moves in the inertial frame) is a complex planning and control problem. The complexity arises due to the hybrid nonlinear walking dynamics…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-09-14 Amir Iqbal , Yan Gu

Spring-mass models are well established tools for the analysis and control of legged locomotion. Among the alternatives, spring-loaded inverted pendulum (SLIP) model has shown to be a very accurate descriptor of animal locomotion. Despite…

Robotics · Computer Science 2018-02-28 Hasan Eftun Orhon

There have been several successful implementations of bio-inspired legged robots that can trot, walk, and hop robustly even in the presence of significant unplanned disturbances. Despite all of these accomplishments, practical control and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-05-16 Eric Sihite , Benjamin Mottis , Paul Ghanem , Alireza Ramezani , Morteza Gharib

The functional demands of robotic systems often require completing various tasks or behaviors under the effect of disturbances or uncertain environments. Of increasing interest is the autonomy for dynamic robots, such as multirotors, motor…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-09-16 Wyatt Ubellacker , Aaron Ames

Wheeled-legged robots combine the efficiency of wheels with the versatility of legs, but face significant energy optimization challenges when navigating diverse environments. In this work, we present a hierarchical control framework that…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-01-19 Xu Yang , Wei Yang , Kaibo He , Bo Yang , Yanan Sui , Yilin Mo

Legged robots must exhibit robust and agile locomotion across diverse, unstructured terrains, a challenge exacerbated under blind locomotion settings where terrain information is unavailable. This work introduces a hierarchical…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-11-05 Matheus P. Angarola , Francisco Affonso , Marcelo Becker

Mobile robots, especially those driving outdoors and in unstructured terrain, sometimes suffer from failures and errors in locomotion, like unevenly pressurized or flat tires, loose axes or de-tracked tracks. Those are errors that go…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-05-12 Xiaoling Long , Sören Schwertfeger

In this paper, we examine the problem of push recovery for bipedal robot locomotion and present a reactive decision-making and robust planning framework for locomotion resilient to external perturbations. Rejecting perturbations is an…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-03-04 Zhaoyuan Gu , Nathan Boyd , Ye Zhao

In many systems motion occurs on deformed and deformable surfaces, setting up the possibility for dynamical interactions solely mediated by the coupling of the entities with their environment. Here we study the "two-body" dynamics of robot…

Dynamic bipedal robot locomotion has achieved remarkable success due in part to recent advances in trajectory generation and nonlinear control for stabilization. A key assumption utilized in both theory and experiments is that the robot's…

Robotics · Computer Science 2018-12-12 Wen-Loong Ma , Yizhar Or , Aaron D. Ames

Muddy terrains present significant challenges for terrestrial robots, as subtle changes in composition and water content can lead to large variations in substrate strength and force responses, causing the robot to slip or get stuck. This…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-06-09 Shipeng Liu , Jiaze Tang , Siyuan Meng , Feifei Qian

Robots are becoming increasingly essential for traversing complex environments such as disaster areas, extraterrestrial terrains, and marine environments. Yet, their potential is often limited by mobility and adaptability constraints. In…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-03-10 Nnamdi Chikere , John McElroy , Yasemin Ozkan-Aydin

Humanoid robots are increasingly demanded to operate in interactive and human-surrounded environments while achieving sophisticated locomotion and manipulation tasks. To accomplish these tasks, roboticists unremittingly seek for advanced…

Robotics · Computer Science 2018-11-28 Ye Zhao

We propose an online motion planner for legged robot locomotion with the primary objective of achieving energy efficiency. The conceptual idea is to leverage a placement set of footstep positions based on the robot's body position to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-06-25 Alexander Schperberg , Marcel Menner , Stefano Di Cairano

Hybrid locomotion of wheeled-legged robots has recently attracted increasing attention due to their advantages of combining the agility of legged locomotion and the efficiency of wheeled motion. But along with expanded performance, the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Jingyuan Sun , Hongyu Ji , Zihan Qu , Chaoran Wang , Mingyu Zhang