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Despite the impressive advancements of Large Language Models (LLMs) in generating text, they are often limited by the knowledge contained in the input and prone to producing inaccurate or hallucinated content. To tackle these issues,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-05-29 Yu Wang , Nedim Lipka , Ruiyi Zhang , Alexa Siu , Yuying Zhao , Bo Ni , Xin Wang , Ryan Rossi , Tyler Derr

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) plays a crucial role in grounding Large Language Models by leveraging external knowledge, whereas the effectiveness is often compromised by the retrieval of contextually flawed or incomplete information.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Yaoze Zhang , Rong Wu , Pinlong Cai , Xiaoman Wang , Guohang Yan , Song Mao , Ding Wang , Botian Shi

This paper presents a comprehensive study of Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG), tracing its evolution from foundational concepts to the current state of the art. RAG combines retrieval mechanisms with generative language models to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-18 Shailja Gupta , Rajesh Ranjan , Surya Narayan Singh

Semantic Knowledge Graphs (SKG) face challenges with scalability, flexibility, contextual understanding, and handling unstructured or ambiguous information. However, they offer formal and structured knowledge enabling highly interpretable…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Aldo Gangemi , Andrea Giovanni Nuzzolese

In customer service technical support, swiftly and accurately retrieving relevant past issues is critical for efficiently resolving customer inquiries. The conventional retrieval methods in retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) for large…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-05-07 Zhentao Xu , Mark Jerome Cruz , Matthew Guevara , Tie Wang , Manasi Deshpande , Xiaofeng Wang , Zheng Li

Large Language Models (LLMs) have significantly enhanced conversational Artificial Intelligence(AI) chatbots; however, domain-specific accuracy and the avoidance of factual inconsistencies remain pressing challenges, particularly for large…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Olalekan K. Akindele , Bhupesh Kumar Mishra , Kenneth Y. Wertheim

Large language models (LLMs) have shown great potential in story generation, but challenges remain in maintaining long-form coherence and effective, user-friendly control. Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) has proven effective in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-12 Zhijun Pan , Antonios Andronis , Eva Hayek , Oscar AP Wilkinson , Ilya Lasy , Annette Parry , Guy Gadney , Tim J. Smith , Mick Grierson

Answering complex queries over incomplete knowledge graphs (KGs) is a challenging job. Most previous works have focused on learning entity/relation embeddings and simulating first-order logic operators with various neural networks. However,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Tianle Xia , Liang Ding , Guojia Wan , Yibing Zhan , Bo Du , Dacheng Tao

Large Language Models (LLMs) suffer from hallucinations and outdated knowledge due to their reliance on static training data. Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) mitigates these issues by integrating external dynamic information for…

Large language models have shown remarkable language processing and reasoning ability but are prone to hallucinate when asked about private data. Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) retrieves relevant data that fit into an LLM's context…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Alfred Clemedtson , Borun Shi

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems have recently shown remarkable advancements by integrating retrieval mechanisms into language models, enhancing their ability to produce more accurate and contextually relevant responses.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-14 Siran Li , Linus Stenzel , Carsten Eickhoff , Seyed Ali Bahrainian

Large pre-trained language models have been shown to store factual knowledge in their parameters, and achieve state-of-the-art results when fine-tuned on downstream NLP tasks. However, their ability to access and precisely manipulate…

Retrieval augmented generation (RAG) has been applied in many scenarios to augment large language models (LLMs) with external documents provided by retrievers. However, a semantic gap exists between LLMs and retrievers due to differences in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-31 Fuda Ye , Shuangyin Li , Yongqi Zhang , Lei Chen

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) utilizes external knowledge to augment Large Language Models' (LLMs) reliability. For flexibility, agentic RAG employs autonomous, multi-round retrieval and reasoning to resolve queries. Although recent…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-11-10 Chao Zhang , Yuhao Wang , Derong Xu , Haoxin Zhang , Yuanjie Lyu , Yuhao Chen , Shuochen Liu , Tong Xu , Xiangyu Zhao , Yan Gao , Yao Hu , Enhong Chen

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has recently been extended to multimodal settings, connecting multimodal large language models (MLLMs) with vast corpora of external knowledge such as multimodal knowledge graphs (MMKGs). Despite their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Hyeongcheol Park , Jiyoung Seo , Jaewon Mun , Hogun Park , Wonmin Byeon , Sung June Kim , Hyeonsoo Im , JeungSub Lee , Sangpil Kim

The preservation of intangible cultural heritage is a critical challenge as collective memory fades over time. While Large Language Models (LLMs) offer a promising avenue for generating engaging narratives, their propensity for factual…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Naga Sowjanya Barla , Jacopo de Berardinis

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) is an advanced technique designed to address the challenges of Artificial Intelligence-Generated Content (AIGC). By integrating context retrieval into content generation, RAG provides reliable and…

Failure mode and effects analysis (FMEA) is an essential tool for mitigating potential failures, particularly during the ramp-up phases of new products. However, its effectiveness is often limited by the reasoning capabilities of the FMEA…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Lukas Bahr , Christoph Wehner , Judith Wewerka , José Bittencourt , Ute Schmid , Rüdiger Daub

The emergence of Large Language Models (LLMs) has significantly advanced natural language processing, but these models often generate factually incorrect information, known as "hallucination". Initial retrieval-augmented generation (RAG)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-12 Yujia Zhou , Zheng Liu , Zhicheng Dou

Despite the remarkable progress of Large Language Models (LLMs), their performance in question answering (QA) remains limited by the lack of domain-specific and up-to-date knowledge. Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) addresses this…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-09-17 Yaodong Su , Yixiang Fang , Yingli Zhou , Quanqing Xu , Chuanhui Yang