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A common requirement of quantum simulations and algorithms is the preparation of complex states through sequences of 2-qubit gates. For a generic quantum state, the number of gates grows exponentially with the number of qubits, becoming…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-07-08 Matan Ben Dov , David Shnaiderov , Adi Makmal , Emanuele G. Dalla Torre

Optimal construction of quantum operations is a fundamental problem in the realization of quantum computation. We here introduce a newly discovered quantum gate, B, that can implement any arbitrary two-qubit quantum operation with minimal…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 Jun Zhang , Jiri Vala , Shankar Sastry , K. Birgitta Whaley

This paper presents a deep reinforcement learning approach for synthesizing unitaries into quantum circuits. Unitary synthesis aims to identify a quantum circuit that represents a given unitary while minimizing circuit depth, total gate…

We provide an analytic way to implement any arbitrary two-qubit unitary operation, given an entangling two-qubit gate together with local gates. This is shown to provide explicit construction of a universal quantum circuit that exactly…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 Jun Zhang , Jiri Vala , Shankar Sastry , K. Birgitta Whaley

Numerical optimization is used to design linear-optical devices that implement a desired quantum gate with perfect fidelity, while maximizing the success rate. For the 2-qubit CS (or CNOT) gate, we provide numerical evidence that the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-13 Dmitry B. Uskov , Lev Kaplan , A. Matthew Smith , Sean D. Huver , Jonathan P. Dowling

The current phase of quantum computing is in the Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) era. On NISQ devices, two-qubit gates such as CNOTs are much noisier than single-qubit gates, so it is essential to minimize their count. Quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-03-24 Xin-Chuan Wu , Marc Grau Davis , Frederic T. Chong , Costin Iancu

In this paper, the problem of constructing an efficient quantum circuit for the implementation of an arbitrary quantum computation is addressed. To this end, a basic block based on the cosine-sine decomposition method is suggested which…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-09-04 Mehdi Saeedi , Mona Arabzadeh , Morteza Saheb Zamani , Mehdi Sedighi

Quantum unitary synthesis addresses the problem of translating abstract quantum algorithms into sequences of hardware-executable quantum gates. Solving this task exactly is infeasible in general due to the exponential growth of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-19 Lukas Theißinger , Thore Gerlach , David Berghaus , Christian Bauckhage

Existing quantum compilers optimize quantum circuits by applying circuit transformations designed by experts. This approach requires significant manual effort to design and implement circuit transformations for different quantum devices,…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2022-05-03 Mingkuan Xu , Zikun Li , Oded Padon , Sina Lin , Jessica Pointing , Auguste Hirth , Henry Ma , Jens Palsberg , Alex Aiken , Umut A. Acar , Zhihao Jia

This paper concerns the efficient implementation of quantum circuits for qudits. We show that controlled two-qudit gates can be implemented without ancillas and prove that the gate library containing arbitrary local unitaries and one…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Gavin K. Brennen , Stephen S. Bullock , Dianne P. O'Leary

The physical limitations of quantum hardware often require nearest-neighbor qubit structures, in which two-qubit gates are required to construct nearest-neighbor quantum circuits. However, two-qubit gates are considered a major cost of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-08-31 Byeongyong Park , Doyeol Ahn

Unitary decomposition is a widely used method to map quantum algorithms to an arbitrary set of quantum gates. Efficient implementation of this decomposition allows for translation of bigger unitary gates into elementary quantum operations,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-03-14 A. M. Krol , A. Sarkar , I. Ashraf , Z. Al-Ars , K. Bertels

We show the applicability of the Cartan decomposition of Lie algebras to quantum circuits. This approach can be used to synthesize circuits that can efficiently implement any desired unitary operation. Our method finds explicit quantum…

While the question ``how many CNOT gates are needed to simulate an arbitrary two-qubit operator'' has been conclusively answered -- three are necessary and sufficient -- previous work on this topic assumes that one wants to simulate a given…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Vivek V. Shende , Igor L. Markov

We propose a method of compiling that permits to identify quantum circuits able to simulate arbitrary $n$-qubit unitary operations via the adjustment of angles in single-qubit gates therein. The method of compiling itself extends older…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-01-06 Rahul P. Singh , A. Mandilara

We provide a method for compiling approximate multi-controlled single qubit gates into quantum circuits without ancilla qubits. The total number of elementary gates to decompose an n-qubit multi-controlled gate is proportional to 32n, and…

There is currently a significant need for robust and efficient methods for characterizing quantum devices. While there has been significant progress in this direction, there remains a crucial need to precisely determine the strength and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-09-04 Arnaud Carignan-Dugas , Joel J. Wallman , Joseph Emerson

Compiling quantum circuits to account for hardware restrictions is an essential part of the quantum computing stack. Circuit compilation allows us to adapt algorithm descriptions into a sequence of operations supported by real quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-14 Alejandro Villoria , Henning Basold , Alfons Laarman

Recently it has been shown that Repeat-Until-Success (RUS) circuits can approximate a given single-qubit unitary with an expected number of $T$ gates of about $1/3$ of what is required by optimal, deterministic, ancilla-free decompositions…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-11 Alex Bocharov , Martin Roetteler , Krysta M. Svore

We present a quantum synthesis algorithm designed to produce short circuits and to scale well in practice. The main contribution is a novel representation of circuits able to encode placement and topology using generic "gates", which allows…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-03-15 Ed Younis , Koushik Sen , Katherine Yelick , Costin Iancu