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There is significant interest in developing evaluation metrics which accurately estimate the quality of generated text without the aid of a human-written reference text, which can be time consuming and expensive to collect or entirely…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-25 Daniel Deutsch , Rotem Dror , Dan Roth

The diversity of human language, shaped by social, cultural, and regional influences, presents significant challenges for natural language processing (NLP) systems. Existing benchmarks often overlook intra-language variations, leaving…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-11 Abhay Gupta , Jacob Cheung , Philip Meng , Shayan Sayyed , Austen Liao , Kevin Zhu , Sean O'Brien

Despite achieving remarkable performance, machine translation (MT) research remains underexplored in terms of translating cultural elements in languages, such as idioms, proverbs, and colloquial expressions. This paper investigates the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Minghan Wang , Viet-Thanh Pham , Farhad Moghimifar , Thuy-Trang Vu

In recent years, automatic speech-to-speech and speech-to-text translation has gained momentum thanks to advances in artificial intelligence, especially in the domains of speech recognition and machine translation. The quality of such…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-07-02 Claudio Fantinuoli , Bianca Prandi

This paper presents a novel evaluation approach to text-based speaker diarization (SD), tackling the limitations of traditional metrics that do not account for any contextual information in text. Two new metrics are proposed, Text-based…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-15 Chen Gong , Peilin Wu , Jinho D. Choi

This paper does not aim at introducing a novel model for document-level neural machine translation. Instead, we head back to the original Transformer model and hope to answer the following question: Is the capacity of current models strong…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-15 Zewei Sun , Mingxuan Wang , Hao Zhou , Chengqi Zhao , Shujian Huang , Jiajun Chen , Lei Li

Natural Language Understanding (NLU) is a basic task in Natural Language Processing (NLP). The evaluation of NLU capabilities has become a trending research topic that attracts researchers in the last few years, resulting in the development…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Khloud AL Jallad , Nada Ghneim , Ghaida Rebdawi

Recent research suggests that neural machine translation achieves parity with professional human translation on the WMT Chinese--English news translation task. We empirically test this claim with alternative evaluation protocols,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-08-22 Samuel Läubli , Rico Sennrich , Martin Volk

Despite increasing instances of machine translation (MT) systems including contextual information, the evidence for translation quality improvement is sparse, especially for discourse phenomena. Popular metrics like BLEU are not expressive…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-05-01 Prathyusha Jwalapuram , Barbara Rychalska , Shafiq Joty , Dominika Basaj

Evaluation metrics for image captioning face two challenges. Firstly, commonly used metrics such as CIDEr, METEOR, ROUGE and BLEU often do not correlate well with human judgments. Secondly, each metric has well known blind spots to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-06-19 Yin Cui , Guandao Yang , Andreas Veit , Xun Huang , Serge Belongie

Simultaneous speech-to-text translation systems must balance translation quality with latency. Although quality evaluation is well established, latency measurement remains a challenge. Existing metrics produce inconsistent results,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Peter Polák , Sara Papi , Luisa Bentivogli , Ondřej Bojar

We introduce Parallel Paraphrasing ($\text{Para}_\text{both}$), an augmentation method for translation metrics making use of automatic paraphrasing of both the reference and hypothesis. This method counteracts the typically misleading…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-23 Claudio Paonessa , Dominik Frefel , Manfred Vogel

We explore the potential of pixel-based models for transfer learning from standard languages to dialects. These models convert text into images that are divided into patches, enabling a continuous vocabulary representation that proves…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-13 Alberto Muñoz-Ortiz , Verena Blaschke , Barbara Plank

Large language models can now directly generate answers to many factual questions without referencing external sources. Unfortunately, relatively little attention has been paid to methods for evaluating the quality and correctness of these…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-01-11 Negar Arabzadeh , Amin Bigdeli , Charles L. A. Clarke

User-generated content (UGC) is characterised by frequent use of non-standard language, from spelling errors to expressive choices such as slang, character repetitions, and emojis. This makes evaluating UGC translation challenging: what…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Lydia Nishimwe , Benoît Sagot , Rachel Bawden

Current evaluation metrics for language modeling and generation rely heavily on the accuracy of predicted (or generated) words as compared to a reference ground truth. While important, token-level accuracy only captures one aspect of a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-15 Shiran Dudy , Steven Bedrick

Building a reliable visual question answering~(VQA) system across different languages is a challenging problem, primarily due to the lack of abundant samples for training. To address this challenge, recent studies have employed machine…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-05 ChaeHun Park , Koanho Lee , Hyesu Lim , Jaeseok Kim , Junmo Park , Yu-Jung Heo , Du-Seong Chang , Jaegul Choo

Homographs, words with different meanings but the same surface form, have long caused difficulty for machine translation systems, as it is difficult to select the correct translation based on the context. However, with the advent of neural…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-03-29 Frederick Liu , Han Lu , Graham Neubig

This research investigates the Statistical Machine Translation approaches to translate speech in real time automatically. Such systems can be used in a pipeline with speech recognition and synthesis software in order to produce a real-time…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2015-10-01 Krzysztof Wołk , Krzysztof Marasek

Machine Translation Quality Estimation is a notoriously difficult task, which lessens its usefulness in real-world translation environments. Such scenarios can be improved if quality predictions are accompanied by a measure of uncertainty.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-07-01 Daniel Beck , Lucia Specia , Trevor Cohn