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Lying at the heart of quantum mechanics, coherence has recently been studied as a key resource in quantum information theory. Quantum steering, a fundamental notion originally considered by Schr{\"o}dinger, has also recently received much…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-01-25 Xueyuan Hu , Antony Milne , Boyang Zhang , Heng Fan

Steering, a quantum property stronger than entanglement but weaker than non-locality in the quantum correlation hierarchy, is a key resource for one-sided device-independent quantum key distribution applications, in which only one of the…

Quantum steering is a crucial quantum resource that lies intermediate between entanglement and Bell nonlocality. Gaussian channels, meanwhile, play a foundational role in diverse quantum protocols, secure communication, and related fields.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-13 Ruifen Ma , Yanjing Sun , Xiaofei Qi

Multipartite Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) steering has been widely studied, for realizing safer quantum communication. The steering properties of six spatially separated beams from the four-wave-mixing process with a spatially structured…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-04-12 Yunyun Liang , Rongguo Yang , Jing Zhang , Tiancai Zhang

The discovery of postquantum nonlocality, i.e., the existence of nonlocal correlations that are stronger than any quantum correlations but nevertheless consistent with the no-signaling principle, has deepened our understanding of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-11-09 Ana Belen Sainz , Nicolas Brunner , Daniel Cavalcanti , Paul Skrzypczyk , Tamás Vértesi

Recently quantum nonlocality has been classified into three distinct types: quantum entanglement, Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen steering, and Bell's nonlocality. Among which, Bell's nonlocality is the strongest type. Bell's nonlocality for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-11-11 Jing-Ling Chen , Changliang Ren , Changbo Chen , Xiang-Jun Ye , Arun Kumar Pati

In comparison with entanglement and Bell nonlocality, Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen steering is a newly emerged research topic and in its incipient stage. Although Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen steering has been explored via violations of steering…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-01-09 Chunfeng Wu , Jing-Ling Chen , Xiang-Jun Ye , Hong-Yi Su , Dong-Ling Deng , Zhenghan Wang , C. H. Oh

Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) steering allows two parties to verify their entanglement, even if one party's measurements are untrusted. This concept has not only provided new insights into the nature of non-local spatial correlations in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-07-14 Ching-Yi Chiu , Neill Lambert , Teh-Lu Liao , Franco Nori , Che-Ming Li

Schr\"odinger held that a local quantum system has some objectively real quantum state and no other (hidden) properties. He therefore took the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) phenomenon, which he generalized and called `steering', to require…

Bell nonlocality and Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) steering are every important quantum correlations of a composite quantum system. Bell nonlocality of a bipartite state is a quantum correlation demonstrated by some local quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-01-31 Huaixin Cao , Zhihua Guo

Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen steering is a form of quantum nonlocality intermediate between entanglement and Bell nonlocality. Although Schr\"odinger already mooted the idea in 1935, steering still defies a complete understanding. In analogy to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-07-09 Jing-Ling Chen , Xiang-Jun Ye , Chunfeng Wu , Hong-Yi Su , Adan Cabello , L. C. Kwek , C. H. Oh

Negativity of the Wigner function is seen as a crucial resource for reaching a quantum computational advantage with continuous variable systems. However, these systems, while they allow for the deterministic generation of large entangle…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-04-17 Mattia Walschaers , Nicolas Treps

In this work, we show that a two-qubit entangled state admitting at least one pure steered state is Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) steerable from Alice to Bob. Pure steered states signifies that the quantum steering ellipsoid of Bob is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-28 Qiu-Cheng Song , Joonwoo Bae

Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) steering is a form of quantum nonlocality which is intermediate between entanglement and Bell nonlocality. EPR steering is a resource for quantum key distribution that is device independent on only one side in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-09-29 C. Jebaratnam

Quantum steering inequalities allow to demonstrate the presence of entanglement between two parties when one of the two measurement device is not trusted. In this paper we show that quantum steering can be demonstrated for arbitrary low…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-08-25 Giuseppe Vallone

The phenomenon of quantum steering in bipartite quantum systems can be reduced to the question whether or not the first party can perform measurements such that the conditional states on the second party can be explained by a local hidden…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-05-06 H. Chau Nguyen , Otfried Gühne

Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) steering is an intermediate type of quantum nonlocality which sits between entanglement and Bell nonlocality. A set of correlations is Bell nonlocal if it does not admit a local hidden variable (LHV) model,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-06-28 Quan Quan , Huangjun Zhu , Heng Fan , Wen-Li Yang

Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) steering is a type of quantum correlation which allows one to remotely prepare, or steer, the state of a distant quantum system. While EPR steering can be thought of as a purely spatial correlation there does…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-07-25 Shin-Liang Chen , Neill Lambert , Che-Ming Li , Adam Miranowicz , Yueh-Nan Chen , Franco Nori

This work presents a scheme for engineering quantum entanglement and Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) steering with Gaussian measurements based on the quantum Hopfield model that incorporates a common thermal reservoir. We begin by examining…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-13 Yu-qiang Liu , Shan Sun , Yi-jia Yang , Zheng Liu , Xingdong Zhao , Zunlue Zhu , Wuming Liu , Chang-shui Yu

A key resource for distributed quantum-enhanced protocols is entanglement between spatially separated modes. Yet, the robust generation and detection of nonlocal entanglement between spatially separated regions of an ultracold atomic system…