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This paper introduces a novel approach for estimating heterogeneous treatment effects of binary treatment in panel data, particularly focusing on short panel data with large cross-sectional data and observed confoundings. In contrast to…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-06-05 Meijia Wang , Ignacio Martinez , P. Richard Hahn

In the new era of personalization, learning the heterogeneous treatment effect (HTE) becomes an inevitable trend with numerous applications. Yet, most existing HTE estimation methods focus on independently and identically distributed…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-01-31 Ye Shen , Runzhe Wan , Hengrui Cai , Rui Song

When estimating treatment effects, the golden standard is to conduct a randomized experiment and then contrast outcomes associated with the treatment group and the control group. However, in many cases, randomized experiments are either…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-06-08 Kevin Han

Heterogeneous treatment effects, which vary according to individual covariates, are crucial in fields such as personalized medicine and tailored treatment strategies. In many applications, rather than considering the heterogeneity induced…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-08-26 Peng Wu , Pengtao Zeng , Zhaoqing Tian , Shaojie Wei

The heterogeneous treatment effect plays a crucial role in precision medicine.There is evidence that real-world data, even subject to biases, can be employed as supplementary evidence for randomized clinical trials to improve the…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-09-04 Guangcai Mao , Shu Yang , Xiaofei Wang

Statisticians show growing interest in estimating and analyzing heterogeneity in causal effects in observational studies. However, there usually exists a trade-off between accuracy and interpretability for developing a desirable estimator…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-06-26 Steven Siwei Ye , Yanzhen Chen , Oscar Hernan Madrid Padilla

Randomized trials are considered the gold standard for making informed decisions in medicine, yet they often lack generalizability to the patient populations in clinical practice. Observational studies, on the other hand, cover a broader…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-04-14 Piersilvio De Bartolomeis , Javier Abad , Konstantin Donhauser , Fanny Yang

Evaluating heterogeneity of treatment effects (HTE) across subgroups is common in both randomized trials and observational studies. Although several statistical challenges of HTE analyses including low statistical power and multiple…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-07-10 Noorie Hyun , Abisola E. Idu , Andrea J. Cook , Jennifer F. Bobb

The empirical literature on program evaluation limits its scope almost exclusively to models where treatment effects are homogenous for observationally identical individuals. This paper considers a treatment effect model in which treatment…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-02-20 Jason Abrevaya , Haiqing Xu

We provide sufficient conditions for the identification of the heterogeneous treatment effects, defined as the conditional expectation for the differences of potential outcomes given the untreated outcome, under the nonignorable treatment…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-01-15 Keisuke Takahata , Takahiro Hoshino

Many studies include a goal of determining whether there is treatment effect heterogeneity across different subpopulations. In this paper, we propose a U-statistic-based non-parametric test of the null hypothesis that the treatment effects…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-12-08 Maozhu Dai , Hal S. Stern

Unobserved heterogeneous treatment effects have been emphasized in recent policy evaluation literature. In this paper, we extend Lu and White (2014)'s testing method for unobserved heterogeneous treatment effects by developing nonparametric…

Methodology · Statistics 2016-11-22 YuChin Hsu , TaCheng Huang , Haiqing Xu

We study the problem of inferring heterogeneous treatment effects (HTEs) from time-to-event data in the presence of competing events. Albeit its great practical relevance, this problem has received little attention compared to its…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-02-27 Alicia Curth , Mihaela van der Schaar

Data from observational studies (OSs) is widely available and readily obtainable yet frequently contains confounding biases. On the other hand, data derived from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) helps to reduce these biases; however, it…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-10-30 Dong Yao , Caizhi Tang , Qing Cui , Longfei Li

Non-significant randomized control trials can hide subgroups of good responders to experimental drugs, thus hindering subsequent development. Identifying such heterogeneous treatment effects is key for precision medicine and many post-hoc…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-01-24 Valentine Perrin , Nathan Noiry , Nicolas Loiseau , Alex Nowak

This paper establishes sufficient conditions for the identification of the marginal treatment effects with multivalued treatments. Our model is based on a multinomial choice model with utility maximization. Our MTE generalizes the MTE…

Econometrics · Economics 2024-12-30 Toshiki Tsuda

Estimating the effect of medical treatments on subject responses is one of the crucial problems in medical research. Matched-pairs designs are commonly implemented in the field of medical research to eliminate confounding and improve…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-11-08 Jun Wang , Wei Gao , Man-Lai Tang

Heterogeneous treatment effect models allow us to compare treatments at subgroup and individual levels, and are of increasing popularity in applications like personalized medicine, advertising, and education. In this talk, we first survey…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-01-28 Zijun Gao , Trevor Hastie

Estimation of heterogeneous treatment effects is an active area of research. Most of the existing methods, however, focus on estimating the conditional average treatment effects of a single, binary treatment given a set of pre-treatment…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-05-30 Max Goplerud , Kosuke Imai , Nicole E. Pashley

We study treatment-effect estimation using panel data. The treatment may be non-binary, non-absorbing, and the outcome may be affected by treatment lags. We make a parallel-trends assumption, and propose event-study estimators of the effect…

Econometrics · Economics 2026-05-13 Clément de Chaisemartin , Xavier D'Haultfœuille
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