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The diffraction patterns of crystalline materials with local order contain sharp Bragg reflections as well as highly structured diffuse scattering. The instrumental requirements, experimental parameters and data processing techniques for…

Materials Science · Physics 2023-11-29 Romy Poppe , Joke Hadermann

Ultrafast electron diffraction (UED) instruments typically operate at kHz or lower repetition rates and rely on indirect detection of electrons. However, these experiments encounter limitations because they are required to use electron…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2024-08-06 Fernando Rodriguez Diaz , Mark Mero , Kasra Amini

Dielectric tensor tomography is an imaging technique for mapping three-dimensional distributions of dielectric properties in transparent materials. This work introduces an enhanced illumination strategy employing a micro-electromechanical…

Scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) is the most widespread adopted tool for atomic scale characterization of two-dimensional (2D) materials. Many 2D materials remain susceptible to electron beam damage, despite the standardized…

Materials Science · Physics 2021-08-11 Sytze de Graaf , Majid Ahmadi , Ivan Lazić , Eric G. T. Bosch , Bart J. Kooi

This comprehensive review discusses the development of scanning electron microscopy and the application of this technology in different fields such as biology, nanobiotechnology and biomedical science. Besides being a tool for high…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2023-11-02 Aniruddha Acharya

Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) is indispensable in modern materials science, enabling high-resolution imaging across a wide range of structural, chemical, and functional investigations. However, SEM imaging remains constrained by…

Strain engineering is used to obtain desirable materials properties in a range of modern technologies. Direct nanoscale measurement of the three-dimensional strain tensor field within these materials has however been limited by a lack of…

Strain has a strong effect on the properties of materials and the performance of electronic devices. Their ever shrinking size translates into a constant demand for accurate and precise measurement methods with very high spatial resolution.…

The arrival of direct electron detectors (DED) with high frame-rates in the field of scanning transmission electron microscopy has enabled many experimental techniques that require collection of a full diffraction pattern at each scan…

Materials Science · Physics 2021-08-11 Philipp M. Pelz , Ian Johnson , Colin Ophus , Peter Ercius , Mary C. Scott

Pixelated detectors in scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) generate large volumes of data, often tens to hundreds of GB per scan. However, to make current advancements scalable and enable widespread adoption, it is essential to…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2025-07-16 Arno Annys , Hoelen L. Lalandec Robert , Saleh Gholam , Joke Hadermann , Jo Verbeeck

Scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) is now the primary tool for exploring functional materials on the atomic level. Often, features of interest are highly localized in specific regions in the material, such as ferroelectric…

Materials Science · Physics 2021-08-11 Nicole Creange , Ondrej Dyck , Rama K. Vasudevan , Maxim Ziatdinov , Sergei V. Kalinin

Three-dimensional electron diffraction (3DED) is a powerful technique providing for crystal structure solutions of sub-micron sized crystals too small for structure determination via X-ray techniques. The entry requirement, however, of a…

In this study, we investigated the application of the direct sampling method (DSM) to identify small dielectric objects in a limited-aperture inverse scattering problem. Unlike previous studies, we consider the bistatic measurement…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-09-16 Won-Kwang Park

In spite of the utility of 3-D electron back-scattered diffraction (EBSD) microscopy, the data collection process can be time-consuming with serial-sectioning. Hence, it is natural to look at other modalities, such as polarized light (PL)…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-27 Harry Dong , Timofey Efimov , Megna Shah , Jeff Simmons , Sean Donegan , Marc De Graef , Yuejie Chi

Observing, understanding, and mitigating the effects of failure in embedded systems is essential for building dependable control systems. We develop a software-based monitoring methodology to further this goal. This methodology can be…

Other Computer Science · Computer Science 2020-04-15 Natasha Jarus , Antonio Sabatini , Pratik Maheshwari , Sahra Sedigh Sarvestani

Despite the widespread use of Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy (STEM) for observing the structure of materials at the atomic scale, a detailed understanding of some relevant electron beam damage mechanisms is limited. Recent…

Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) has been widely utilized in the field of materials science due to its significant advantages, such as large depth of field, wide field of view, and excellent stereoscopic imaging. However, at high…

Diffraction patterns of electrons are believed to resemble those of electromagnetic waves (EMW). I performed a series of experiments invoked to show that the periodicity of peaks in the diffraction diagram of electrons is concerned with the…

General Physics · Physics 2010-02-23 Victor V. Demjanov

Despite decades of research, the ultimate goal of nanotechnology--top-down manipulation of individual atoms--has been directly achieved with only one technique: scanning probe microscopy. In this Review, we demonstrate that scanning…

The purpose of this project is to investigate the use of charge couple devices (CCDs) to detect electrons directly. This can be done in transmission electron microscopy (TEM) for electrons over 100 KeV, but for space plasma instruments,…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2015-10-28 S. R. Mirfayzi
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