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Electron beam probe (EBP) is a new principle detector, which makes use of a low-intensity and low-energy electron beam to measure the transverse profile, bunch shape, beam neutralization and beam wake field of an intense beam with small…

Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), a century-old technique, is today a ubiquitous method of imaging the surface of nanostructures. However, most SEM detectors simply count the number of secondary electrons from a material of interest, and…

The development of four-dimensional (4D) scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) using fast detectors has opened-up new avenues for addressing some of long-standing challenges in electron imaging. One of these challenges is how to…

Materials Science · Physics 2021-01-19 Yu-Tsun Shao , Renliang Yuan , Haw-Wen Hsiao , Qun Yang , Yang Hu , Jian-Min Zuo

Electron Backscattering Diffraction (EBSD) provides important information to discriminate phase transformation products in steels. This task is conventionally performed by an expert, who carries a high degree of subjectivity and requires…

The study of thin films and 2D materials, including transition metal dichalcogenides such as WSe$_2$ offers opportunities to leverage their properties in advanced sensors, quantum technologies, and device to optimize functional performance.…

Electron channeling contrast imaging (ECCI) is a scanning electron microscopy (SEM) based technique that enables bulk-sample characterization of crystallographic defects (e.g. dislocations, stacking faults, low angle boundaries). Despite…

Transmission Kikuchi diffraction in the scanning electron microscope has gained popularity as a materials characterization technique for its high throughput and nanometer-level spatial resolution. While conventional diffraction pattern…

Materials Science · Physics 2026-05-22 Tianbi Zhang , Raynald Gauvin , Aimo Winkelmann , T. Ben Britton

In situ electron microscopy is a key tool for understanding the mechanisms driving novel phenomena in 2D structures. Unfortunately, due to various practical challenges, technologically relevant 2D heterostructures prove challenging to…

Electrochemistry is the underlying mechanism in a variety of energy conversion and storage systems, and it is well known that the composition, structure, and properties of electrochemical materials near active interfaces often deviates…

Materials Science · Physics 2018-02-07 Ahmad Eshghinejad , Ehsan Nasr Esfahani , Chihou Lei , Jiangyu Li

In a scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM), producing a high-resolution image generally requires an electron beam focused to the smallest point possible. However, the magnetic lenses used to focus the beam are unavoidably…

Here a new microscopic method is proposed to image and characterize very thin samples like few-layer materials, organic molecules, and nanostructures with nanometer or sub-nanometer resolution using electron beams of energies lower than 20…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2016-01-06 Ing-Shouh Hwang

Optimizing the performance of organic solar cells (OSCs) hinges on a comprehensive understanding of their nanostructures, yet traditional characterization methods often fall short, delivering incomplete structural snapshots. We introduce…

Scanning nanobeam electron diffraction (NBED) with fast pixelated detectors is a valuable technique for rapid, spatially resolved mapping of lattice structure over a wide range of length scales. However, intensity variations caused by…

The use of fast pixelated detectors and direct electron detection technology is revolutionising many aspects of scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM). The widespread adoption of these new technologies is impeded by the technical…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2020-08-06 Magnus Nord , Robert W. H. Webster , Kirsty A. Paton , Stephen McVitie , Damien McGrouther , Ian MacLaren , Gary W. Paterson

Scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) has a broad range of applications in materials characterization, including real-space imaging, spectroscopy, and diffraction, at length scales from the micron to sub-{\AA}ngstr\"om. The…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2022-06-07 Bryan D Esser , Joanne Etheridge

Momentum-resolved scanning transmission electron microscopy (MRSTEM) is a powerful phase-contrast technique that can map lateral magnetic and electric fields ranging from the micrometer to the subatomic scale. Resolving fields ranging from…

The Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Electron-Dispersive Spectroscope (EDS) are two highly effective instruments in the field of nanoscience and nanotechnology. The quality of these instruments is determined by various factors, with…

Applied Physics · Physics 2023-10-24 Hamidreza Moradi , Fatemeh Mehradnia

We present a methodology for in situ Transmission Kikuchi Diffraction (TKD) tensile testing that enables nanoscale characterization of the evolution of complex plasticity mechanisms. By integrating a modified in situ scanning electron…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-02-18 Tijmen Vermeij , Amit Sharma , Douglas Steinbach , Jun Lou , Johann Michler , Xavier Maeder

EBSD is a foundational technique for characterizing crystallographic orientation, phase distribution, and lattice strain. Embedded within EBSD patterns lies latent information on dislocation structures, subtly encoded due to their deviation…

Pattern matching between target electron backscatter patterns (EBSPs) and dynamically simulated EBSPs was used to determine the pattern centre (PC) and crystal orientation, using a global optimisation algorithm. Systematic analysis of error…

Materials Science · Physics 2019-04-16 Tomohito Tanaka , Angus J. Wilkinson