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Generating molecular graphs is a challenging task due to their discrete nature and the competitive objectives involved. Diffusion models have emerged as SOTA approaches in data generation across various modalities. For molecular graphs,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-08 Prashanth Pombala , Gerrit Grossmann , Verena Wolf

The quest for efficient and robust deep learning models for molecular systems representation is increasingly critical in scientific exploration. The advent of message passing neural networks has marked a transformative era in graph-based…

Computational Physics · Physics 2026-01-05 Jian Chang , Shuze Zhu

Learning and reasoning about 3D molecular structures with varying size is an emerging and important challenge in machine learning and especially in drug discovery. Equivariant Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) can simultaneously leverage the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-03 Tuan Le , Frank Noé , Djork-Arné Clevert

Molecular representation learning has shown great success in advancing AI-based drug discovery. The core of many recent works is based on the fact that the 3D geometric structure of molecules provides essential information about their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-23 Jiying Zhang , Zijing Liu , Yu Wang , Yu Li

Proteins are complex biomolecules that perform a variety of crucial functions within living organisms. Designing and generating novel proteins can pave the way for many future synthetic biology applications, including drug discovery.…

Machine learning in drug discovery has been focused on virtual screening of molecular libraries using discriminative models. Generative models are an entirely different approach that learn to represent and optimize molecules in a continuous…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2020-11-17 Matthew Ragoza , Tomohide Masuda , David Ryan Koes

Diffusion models have gained popularity in graph generation tasks; however, the extent of their expressivity concerning the graph distributions they can learn is not fully understood. Unlike models in other domains, popular backbones for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-05 Xiyuan Wang , Yewei Liu , Lexi Pang , Siwei Chen , Muhan Zhang

Generating molecular structures with desired properties is a critical task with broad applications in drug discovery and materials design. We propose 3M-Diffusion, a novel multi-modal molecular graph generation method, to generate diverse,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-04 Huaisheng Zhu , Teng Xiao , Vasant G Honavar

Generating molecules that bind to specific proteins is an important but challenging task in drug discovery. Previous works usually generate atoms in an auto-regressive way, where element types and 3D coordinates of atoms are generated one…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2024-07-16 Haitao Lin , Yufei Huang , Odin Zhang , Siqi Ma , Meng Liu , Xuanjing Li , Lirong Wu , Jishui Wang , Tingjun Hou , Stan Z. Li

Latent diffusion models (LDMs) dominate high-quality image generation, yet integrating representation learning with generative modeling remains a challenge. We introduce a novel generative image modeling framework that seamlessly bridges…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-23 Theodoros Kouzelis , Efstathios Karypidis , Ioannis Kakogeorgiou , Spyros Gidaris , Nikos Komodakis

Graph neural networks (GNNs) have been used extensively for addressing problems in drug design and discovery. Both ligand and target molecules are represented as graphs with node and edge features encoding information about atomic elements…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-14 Dhananjay Bhaskar , Jackson D. Grady , Michael A. Perlmutter , Smita Krishnaswamy

Predicting the effect of amino acid mutations on enzyme thermodynamic stability (DDG) is fundamental to protein engineering and drug design. While recent deep learning approaches have shown promise, they often process sequence and structure…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-10 Abigail Lin

Graph neural networks (GNNs) have emerged as powerful tools for learning protein structures by capturing spatial relationships at the residue level. However, existing GNN-based methods often face challenges in learning multiscale…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Shih-Hsin Wang , Yuhao Huang , Taos Transue , Justin Baker , Jonathan Forstater , Thomas Strohmer , Bao Wang

Diffusion models have emerged as powerful tools for molecular generation, particularly in the context of 3D molecular structures. Inspired by non-equilibrium statistical physics, these models can generate 3D molecular structures with…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2025-05-16 Amira Alakhdar , Barnabas Poczos , Newell Washburn

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have been widely employed for feature representation learning in molecular graphs. Therefore, it is crucial to enhance the expressiveness of feature representation to ensure the effectiveness of GNNs. However, a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-16 Chengyu Yao , Hong Huang , Hang Gao , Fengge Wu , Haiming Chen , Junsuo Zhao

In this work, we introduce a method to fine-tune a Transformer-based generative model for molecular de novo design. Leveraging the superior sequence learning capacity of Transformers over Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs), our model can…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-11 Pengcheng Xu , Tao Feng , Tianfan Fu , Siddhartha Laghuvarapu , Jimeng Sun

Learning representations of molecular structures using deep learning is a fundamental problem in molecular property prediction tasks. Molecules inherently exist in the real world as three-dimensional structures; furthermore, they are not…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-22 Daiki Koge , Naoaki Ono , Shigehiko Kanaya

Understanding and predicting interface diffusion phenomena in materials is crucial for various industrial applications, including semiconductor manufacturing, battery technology, and catalysis. In this study, we propose a novel approach…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-01-13 Zirui Zhao , Hai-Feng Li

We present diffusion-convolutional neural networks (DCNNs), a new model for graph-structured data. Through the introduction of a diffusion-convolution operation, we show how diffusion-based representations can be learned from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-07-11 James Atwood , Don Towsley

The advent of deep learning has introduced efficient approaches for de novo protein sequence design, significantly improving success rates and reducing development costs compared to computational or experimental methods. However, existing…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-07-11 Yutong Hu , Yang Tan , Andi Han , Lirong Zheng , Liang Hong , Bingxin Zhou
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