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Large language models (LLMs) are known to hallucinate, producing natural language outputs that are not grounded in the input, reference materials, or real-world knowledge. In enterprise applications where AI features support business…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Hagyeong Shin , Binoy Robin Dalal , Iwona Bialynicka-Birula , Navjot Matharu , Ryan Muir , Xingwei Yang , Samuel W. K. Wong

Recognizing if LLM output can be grounded in evidence is central to many tasks in NLP: retrieval-augmented generation, summarization, document-grounded dialogue, and more. Current approaches to this kind of fact-checking are based on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-02 Liyan Tang , Philippe Laban , Greg Durrett

Long-form generations from large language models (LLMs) contain a mix of factual and non-factual claims, making evaluating factuality difficult. Prior works evaluate the factuality of a long paragraph by decomposing it into multiple facts,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-10 Cheng-Han Chiang , Hung-yi Lee

Large language models (LLMs) are widely used in knowledge-intensive applications but often generate factually incorrect responses. A promising approach to rectify these flaws is correcting LLMs using feedback. Therefore, in this paper, we…

Large language models have demonstrated significant potential as the next-generation information access engines. However, their reliability is hindered by issues of hallucination and generating non-factual content. This is particularly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-03 Chao-Wei Huang , Yun-Nung Chen

Fact-checking is an essential task in NLP that is commonly utilized for validating the factual accuracy of claims. Prior work has mainly focused on fine-tuning pre-trained languages models on specific datasets, which can be computationally…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Miaoran Li , Baolin Peng , Michel Galley , Jianfeng Gao , Zhu Zhang

Large language models (LLMs) are reshaping automated fact-checking (AFC) by enabling unified, end-to-end verification pipelines rather than isolated components. While large proprietary models achieve strong performance, their closed…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-19 Malin Astrid Larsson , Harald Fosen Grunnaleite , Vinay Setty

Automatic fact-checking plays a crucial role in combating the spread of misinformation. Large Language Models (LLMs) and Instruction-Following variants, such as InstructGPT and Alpaca, have shown remarkable performance in various natural…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-04 Tsun-Hin Cheung , Kin-Man Lam

Training automatic summary fact verifiers often faces the challenge of a lack of human-labeled data. In this paper, we explore alternative way of leveraging Large Language Model (LLM) generated feedback to address the inherent limitation of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Jihwan Oh , Jeonghwan Choi , Nicole Hee-Yeon Kim , Taewon Yun , Hwanjun Song

Claim verification can be a challenging task. In this paper, we present a method to enhance the robustness and reasoning capabilities of automated claim verification through the extraction of short facts from evidence. Our novel approach,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-29 Nazanin Jafari , James Allan

In our era of widespread false information, human fact-checkers often face the challenge of duplicating efforts when verifying claims that may have already been addressed in other countries or languages. As false information transcends…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-25 Ivan Vykopal , Matúš Pikuliak , Simon Ostermann , Tatiana Anikina , Michal Gregor , Marián Šimko

We explore the need for more comprehensive and precise evaluation techniques for generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) in text summarization tasks, specifically in the area of opinion summarization. Traditional methods, which leverage…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Leandro Anghinoni , Jorge Sanchez

We introduce OpenFActScore, an open-source implementation of the FActScore framework for evaluating the factuality of text generated by large language models (LLMs). FActScore evaluates the factual accuracy of long-form text by using Atomic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-09 Lucas Fonseca Lage , Simon Ostermann

The fluency and creativity of large pre-trained language models (LLMs) have led to their widespread use, sometimes even as a replacement for traditional search engines. Yet language models are prone to making convincing but factually…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-15 Katherine Tian , Eric Mitchell , Huaxiu Yao , Christopher D. Manning , Chelsea Finn

We introduce ClaimCheck, an LLM-guided automatic fact-checking system designed to verify real-world claims using live Web evidence and small language models. Unlike prior systems that rely on large, closed-source models and static knowledge…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Akshith Reddy Putta , Jacob Devasier , Chengkai Li

Evaluating the quality of arguments is a crucial aspect of any system leveraging argument mining. However, it is a challenge to obtain reliable and consistent annotations regarding argument quality, as this usually requires domain-specific…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Nailia Mirzakhmedova , Marcel Gohsen , Chia Hao Chang , Benno Stein

Modern generative search engines enhance the reliability of large language model (LLM) responses by providing cited evidence. However, evaluating the answer's attribution, i.e., whether every claim within the generated responses is fully…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-26 Yifei Li , Xiang Yue , Zeyi Liao , Huan Sun

Large language models (LLMs) excel at generating long-form responses, but evaluating their factuality remains challenging due to complex inter-sentence dependencies within the generated facts. Prior solutions predominantly follow a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Xin Liu , Lechen Zhang , Sheza Munir , Yiyang Gu , Lu Wang

The emergence of generative pre-trained models has facilitated the synthesis of high-quality text, but it has also posed challenges in identifying factual errors in the generated text. In particular: (1) A wider range of tasks now face an…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-27 I-Chun Chern , Steffi Chern , Shiqi Chen , Weizhe Yuan , Kehua Feng , Chunting Zhou , Junxian He , Graham Neubig , Pengfei Liu

In recent years, Large Language Models (LLMs) have gained immense attention due to their notable emergent capabilities, surpassing those seen in earlier language models. A particularly intriguing application of LLMs is their role as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-02 Xue-Yong Fu , Md Tahmid Rahman Laskar , Cheng Chen , Shashi Bhushan TN