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This paper addresses the problem of scalability for a cell-free massive MIMO (CF-mMIMO) system that performs integrated sensing and communications (ISAC). Specifically, the case where a large number of access points (APs) are deployed to…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-06-10 Stefano Buzzi , Carmen D'Andrea , Sergi Liesegang

Multimode fibers (MMFs) offer a cost-effective connection solution for small and medium length networks. However, data rates through multimode fibers are traditionally limited by modal dispersion. Signal processing and Multiple-Input…

Optics · Physics 2011-10-06 Kumar Appaiah , Sagi Zisman , Sriram Vishwanath , Seth R. Bank

This paper introduces an access point-user (AP-UE) association strategy combined with pilot power allocation to mitigate multiuser interference and enhance spectral efficiency (SE) in clustered cell-free massive MIMO (CCF-mMIMO) networks.…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-07-08 S. Mohammadzadeh , S. Mashdour , R. C. de Lamare , K. Cumanan , C. Li

Cell-free Massive MIMO (multiple-input multiple-output) refers to a distributed Massive MIMO system where all the access points (APs) cooperate to coherently serve all the user equipments (UEs), suppress inter-cell interference and mitigate…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2019-09-09 Giovanni Interdonato , Hien Quoc Ngo , Pål Frenger , Erik G. Larsson

Power control is a fundamental task accomplished in any wireless cellular network; its aim is to set the transmit power of any mobile terminal, so that each user is able to achieve its own target SINR. While conventional power control…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2007-07-13 Stefano Buzzi , H. Vincent Poor

In this paper, we investigate cell-free massive MIMO (CF-mMIMO) systems in which access points (APs) are equipped with fluid antennas (FAs) and develop a comprehensive framework for channel estimation, antenna port selection, and uplink…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Maryam Olyaee , Giovanni Interdonato , Stefano Buzzi

Cell-free massive multiple-input multiple-output (CF mMIMO) provides good interference management by coordinating many more access points (APs) than user equipments (UEs). It becomes challenging to determine which APs should serve which UEs…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-12-06 Shuaifei Chen , Jiayi Zhang , Emil Björnson , Bo Ai

We consider a cell-free massive multiple-input multiple-output (CF-mMIMO) system with joint unicast and multi-group multicast transmissions. We derive exact closed-form expressions for the downlink achievable spectral efficiency (SE) of…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-10-07 Mustafa S. Abbas , Zahra Mobini , Hien Quoc Ngo , Michail Matthaiou

In this paper, we consider power allocation and antenna activation of cell-free massive multiple-input multiple-output (CFmMIMO) systems. We first derive closed-form expressions for the system spectral efficiency (SE) and energy efficiency…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-13 Phuong Nam Tran , Nhan Thanh Nguyen , Hien Quoc Ngo , Markku Juntti

Cell-free multi-user multiple input multiple output networks are a promising alternative to classical cellular architectures, since they have the potential to provide uniform service quality and high resource utilisation over the entire…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-01-18 Sergey S. Tambovskiy , Gábor Fodor , Hugo Tullberg

How to manage the interference introduced by the enormous wireless devices is a crucial issue to address in the prospective sixth-generation (6G) communications. The treating interference as noise (TIN) optimality conditions are commonly…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-02-16 Shuaifei Chen , Jiayi Zhang , Zheng Chen , Bo Ai

Cell-free massive multiple-input multiple-output (CFmMIMO) coordinates a great number of distributed access points (APs) with central processing units (CPUs), effectively reducing interference and ensuring uniform service quality for user…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-12-23 Phu Lai , Wei Xiang , William Damario Lukito , Khoa Tran Phan , Peng Cheng , Chang Liu , Guoqiang Mao

In this paper, we investigate the uplink transmit power optimization problem in cell-free (CF) extremely large-scale multiple-input multiple-output (XL-MIMO) systems. Instead of applying the traditional methods, we propose two signal…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-02-21 Ziheng Liu , Zhilong Liu , Jiayi Zhang , Huahua Xiao , Bo Ai , Derrick Wing Kwan Ng

Uplink power control is an efficient scheme to mitigate pilot contamination in massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems. In this work, we provide a comprehensive study on the effects of fractional power control (FPC) on the…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2018-09-11 Paolo Baracca , Lorenzo Galati Giordano , Adrian Garcia-Rodriguez , Giovanni Geraci , David Lopez-Perez

Large-scale distributed antenna systems with many access points (APs) that serve the users by coherent joint transmission is being considered for 5G-and-beyond networks. The technology is called Cell-free Massive MIMO and can provide a more…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-06-30 Trinh Van Chien , Emil Björnson , Erik G. Larsson

Cell-free (CF) massive multiple-input multiple-output (mMIMO) has been considered as a potential technology for Beyond 5G communication systems. However, the performance of CF mMIMO systems has not been well studied. Most existing…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-10-06 Baolin Chong , Fengqian Guo , Hancheng Lu , Langtian Qin

The main usage of cellular networks has changed from voice to data traffic, mostly requested by static users. In this paper, we analyze how a cellular network should be designed to provide such wireless broadband access with maximal energy…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2015-04-29 Emil Björnson , Luca Sanguinetti , Marios Kountouris

Cell-free massive MIMO (multiple-input multiple-output) enhances spectral and energy efficiency compared to conventional cellular networks by enabling joint transmission and reception across a large number of distributed access points…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-10 Özlem Tuğfe Demir , Emil Björnson

This paper focuses on energy savings in downlink operation of cell-free massive MIMO (CF mMIMO) networks under dynamic traffic conditions. We propose a multi-agent deep reinforcement learning (MADRL) algorithm that enables each access point…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Qichen Wang , Keyu Li , Ozan Alp Topal , Özlem Tugfe Demir , Mustafa Ozger , Cicek Cavdar

Cell-free massive MIMO communications is an emerging network technology for 5G wireless communications wherein distributed multi-antenna access points (APs) serve many users simultaneously. Most prior work on cell-free massive MIMO systems…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-01-22 Asmaa Abdallah , Mohammad M. Mansour