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Coherent interferometric scattering microscopy (iscat) enables nanoparticle tracking on microsecond timescales and with nanometer precision, and has become a key tool in structural and cellular biophysics. The achievable localization…
A multi-imaging strategy is proposed and experimentally tested to improve the accuracy of photon counting with an electron multiplying charge-coupled device (EMCCD), by taking into account the random nature of its on-chip gain and the…
Noise pollution investigation takes advantage of two common methods of diagnosis: measurement using a Sound Level Meter and acoustical imaging. The former enables a detailed analysis of the surrounding noise spectrum whereas the latter is…
The Michelson interferometer is a cornerstone of experimental physics. Its applications range from providing first impressions of wave interference in educational settings to probing spacetime at minuscule precision scales. Interferometer…
In object detection, the instance count is typically used to define whether a dataset exhibits a long-tail distribution, implicitly assuming that models will underperform on categories with fewer instances. This assumption has led to…
The quantum noise of light fundamentally limits optical phase sensors. A semiclassical picture attributes this noise to the random arrival time of photons from a coherent light source such as a laser. An engineered source of squeezed states…
Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) is critical in nanotechnology, materials science, and biological imaging due to its high spatial resolution and depth of focus. Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is an essential parameter in SEM because it…
Noise, an unwanted component in an image, can be the reason for the degradation of Image at the time of transmission or capturing. Noise reduction from images is still a challenging task. Digital Image Processing is a component of Digital…
The rapid advancement of generative models has made real and synthetic images increasingly indistinguishable. Although extensive efforts have been devoted to detecting AI-generated images, out-of-distribution generalization remains a…
Noise measurement is a powerful tool to investigate many phenomena from laser characterization to quantum behavior of light. In this paper, we report on intensity noise measurements obtained when a laser beam is transmitted through a large…
Error-control-coding (ECC) techniques are widely used in modern digital communication systems to minimize the effect of noisy channels on the quality of received signals. Motivated by the fact that both communication and imaging can be…
The transmission electron microscope facilitates the highest-resolution imaging of any instrument ever created, and its limiting factor is no longer spatial resolution but dose efficiency. Low electron doses avoid sample damage but produce…
Image quality is important, and can affect overall performance in image processing and computer vision as well as for numerous other reasons. Image quality assessment (IQA) is consequently a vital task in different applications from aerial…
We show that it is possible to estimate the shape of an object by measuring only the fluctuations of a probing field, allowing us to expose the object to a minimal light intensity. This scheme, based on noise measurements through homodyne…
The acronym IBIC (Ion Beam Induced Charge) was coined in early 1990's to indicate a scanning microscopy technique which uses MeV ion beams as probes to image the basic electronic properties of semiconductor materials and devices. Since…
Imaging dynamical processes at interfaces and on the nanoscale is of great importance throughout science and technology. While light-optical imaging techniques often cannot provide the necessary spatial resolution, electron-optical…
Scanning helium microscopy (SHeM) is an emerging technique that uses a beam of neutral atoms to image and analyse surfaces. The low energies ($\sim$64 meV) and completely non-destructive nature of the probe particles provide exceptional…
Image denoising is a fundamental problem in computer vision and medical imaging. However, real-world images are often degraded by structured noise with strong anisotropic correlations that existing methods struggle to remove. Most…
Many modern applications use computer vision to detect and count objects in massive image collections. However, when the detection task is very difficult or in the presence of domain shifts, the counts may be inaccurate even with…
Using a helium ion hitting various metal surfaces as a model system, we describe a general quantum-kinetic approach for calculating ion-induced secondary electron emission spectra at impact energies where the emission is driven by the…