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Related papers: Proportional Consistency of Apportionment Methods

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Proportional apportionment is the problem of assigning seats to parties according to their relative share of votes. Divisor methods are the de-facto standard solution, used in many countries. In recent literature, there are two algorithms…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-12-06 Raphael Reitzig , Sebastian Wild

We study the problem of fairly allocating indivisible items to agents with different entitlements, which captures, for example, the distribution of ministries among political parties in a coalition government. Our focus is on picking…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2021-08-24 Mithun Chakraborty , Ulrike Schmidt-Kraepelin , Warut Suksompong

In many applications such as rationing medical care and supplies, university admissions, and the assignment of public housing, the decision of who receives an allocation can be justified by various normative criteria. Such settings have…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-05-30 Siddhartha Banerjee , Matthew Eichhorn , David Kempe

We study multiwinner elections with approval-based preferences. An instance of a multiwinner election consists of a set of alternatives, a population of voters---each voter approves a subset of alternatives, and the desired committee size…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2019-10-15 Piotr Skowron

Adaptive filters exploiting sparsity have been a very active research field, among which the algorithms that follow the "proportional-update principle", the so-called proportionate-type algorithms, are very popular. Indeed, there are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-17 Markus V. S. Lima , Gabriel S. Chaves , Tadeu N. Ferreira , Paulo S. R. Diniz

This paper studies the allocation of voting weights in a committee representing groups of different sizes. We introduce a partial ordering of weight allocations based on stochastic comparison of social welfare. We show that when the number…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2024-03-07 Kazuya Kikuchi

Proportional representation plays a crucial role in electoral systems. In ordinal elections, where voters rank candidates based on their preferences, the Single Transferable Vote (STV) is the most widely used proportional voting method. STV…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-05-02 Tuva Bardal , Markus Brill , David McCune , Jannik Peters

Weighting methods are widely used to adjust for covariates in observational studies, sample surveys, and regression settings. In this paper, we study a class of recently proposed weighting methods which find the weights of minimum…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-10-29 Yixin Wang , José R. Zubizarreta

Consider an election where N seats are distributed among parties with proportions p_1,...,p_m of the votes. We study, for the common divisor and quota methods, the asymptotic distribution, and in particular the mean, of the seat excess of a…

Probability · Mathematics 2011-10-31 Svante Janson

The Constitutionally mandated task of assigning Congressional seats to the various U.S. States proportional to their represented populations ("according to their numbers") has engendered much contention, but rather less consensus. Using the…

Physics and Society · Physics 2021-07-06 A. E. Charman

Conformal prediction offers a distribution-free framework for constructing prediction sets with finite-sample coverage. Yet, efficiently leveraging multiple conformity scores to reduce prediction set size remains a major open challenge.…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-11-18 Congbin Xu , Yue Yu , Haojie Ren , Zhaojun Wang , Changliang Zou

Conformal prediction provides finite-sample, distribution-free coverage under exchangeability, but standard constructions may lack robustness in the presence of outliers or heavy tails. We propose a robust conformal method based on a…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-04-21 Alejandro Cholaquidis , Emilien Joly , Leonardo Moreno

Apportionment refers to the well-studied problem of allocating legislative seats among parties or groups with different entitlements. We present a multi-level generalization of apportionment where the groups form a hierarchical structure,…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2025-11-14 Ulrike Schmidt-Kraepelin , Warut Suksompong , Steven Wijaya

We consider a model where a subset of candidates must be selected based on voter preferences, subject to general constraints that specify which subsets are feasible. This model generalizes committee elections with diversity constraints,…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Piotr Skowron

Probability proportional to size (PPS) sampling schemes with a target sample size aim to produce a sample comprising a specified number $n$ of items while ensuring that each item in the population appears in the sample with a probability…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-11-14 Brian Hentschel , Peter J. Haas , Yuanyuan Tian

Respecting minority opinions is vital in solving social problems. However, minority opinions are often ignored in general majority rules. To build consensus on pluralistic values and make social choices that consider minority opinions, we…

General Economics · Economics 2021-02-24 Takeshi Kato , Yasuhiro Asa , Misa Owa

The ability to measure the satisfaction of (groups of) voters is a crucial prerequisite for formulating proportionality axioms in approval-based participatory budgeting elections. Two common - but very different - ways to measure the…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-10-19 Markus Brill , Stefan Forster , Martin Lackner , Jan Maly , Jannik Peters

We analyze properties of apportionment functions in context of the problem of allocating seats in the European Parliament. Necessary and sufficient conditions for apportionment functions are investigated. Some exemplary families of…

Physics and Society · Physics 2012-02-13 Wojciech Slomczynski , Karol Zyczkowski

Despite extensive theoretical research on proportionality in approval-based multiwinner voting, its impact on which committees and candidates can be selected in practice remains poorly understood. We address this gap by (i) analyzing the…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Niclas Boehmer , Lara Glessen , Jannik Peters

Matching methods are widely used for causal inference in observational studies. Among them, nearest neighbor matching is arguably the most popular. However, nearest neighbor matching does not generally yield an average treatment effect…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2021-10-06 Yixin Wang , José R. Zubizarreta