English

On Multi-Level Apportionment

Theoretical Economics 2025-11-14 v1 Computer Science and Game Theory

Abstract

Apportionment refers to the well-studied problem of allocating legislative seats among parties or groups with different entitlements. We present a multi-level generalization of apportionment where the groups form a hierarchical structure, which gives rise to stronger versions of the upper and lower quota notions. We show that running Adams' method level-by-level satisfies upper quota, while running Jefferson's method or the quota method level-by-level guarantees lower quota. Moreover, we prove that both quota notions can always be fulfilled simultaneously.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2511.10000,
  title  = {On Multi-Level Apportionment},
  author = {Ulrike Schmidt-Kraepelin and Warut Suksompong and Steven Wijaya},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2511.10000},
  year   = {2025}
}