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Linear interpolation between fine-tuned checkpoints has been shown to trace the Pareto front between competing objectives, but whether extrapolative weight averaging can extend such frontiers to new checkpoints useful at inference time,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Kunhao Zheng , Pierre Chambon , Juliette Decugis , Jonas Gehring , Taco Cohen , Benjamin Negrevergne , Gabriel Synnaeve

We show that the representation cost of fully connected neural networks with homogeneous nonlinearities - which describes the implicit bias in function space of networks with $L_2$-regularization or with losses such as the cross-entropy -…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-03-27 Arthur Jacot

We study the average $\mbox{CV}_{loo}$ stability of kernel ridge-less regression and derive corresponding risk bounds. We show that the interpolating solution with minimum norm minimizes a bound on $\mbox{CV}_{loo}$ stability, which in turn…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-10-13 Akshay Rangamani , Lorenzo Rosasco , Tomaso Poggio

Convex $\ell_1$ regularization using an infinite dictionary of neurons has been suggested for constructing neural networks with desired approximation guarantees, but can be affected by an arbitrary amount of over-parametrization. This can…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-06-01 Konstantin Pieper , Armenak Petrosyan

Motivated by the growing theoretical understanding of neural networks that employ the Rectified Linear Unit (ReLU) as their activation function, we revisit the use of ReLU activation functions for learning implicit neural representations…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-05 Joseph Shenouda , Yamin Zhou , Robert D. Nowak

We establish the fundamental limits in the approximation of Lipschitz functions by deep ReLU neural networks with finite-precision weights. Specifically, three regimes, namely under-, over-, and proper quantization, in terms of minimax…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-05-06 Weigutian Ou , Philipp Schenkel , Helmut Bölcskei

In a standard NP-complete optimization problem we introduce an interpolating algorithm between the quick decrease along the gradient (greedy dynamics) and a slow decrease close to the level curves (reluctant dynamics). We find that for a…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 P. Contucci , C. Giardina' , C. Giberti , F. Unguendoli , C. Vernia

Despite classical statistical theory predicting severe overfitting, modern massively overparameterized neural networks still generalize well. This unexpected property is attributed to the network's so-called implicit bias, which describes…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-14 Justin Sahs , Ryan Pyle , Fabio Anselmi , Ankit Patel

Many statistical estimators for high-dimensional linear regression are M-estimators, formed through minimizing a data-dependent square loss function plus a regularizer. This work considers a new class of estimators implicitly defined…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2022-02-15 Peng Zhao , Yun Yang , Qiao-Chu He

Understanding the fundamental mechanism behind the success of deep neural networks is one of the key challenges in the modern machine learning literature. Despite numerous attempts, a solid theoretical analysis is yet to be developed. In…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-14 Tolga Ergen , Mert Pilanci

In this paper we are concerned with the approximation of functions by single hidden layer neural networks with ReLU activation functions on the unit circle. In particular, we are interested in the case when the number of data-points exceeds…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2021-04-02 Benny Avelin , Vesa Julin

We study the generalization of two-layer ReLU neural networks in a univariate nonparametric regression problem with noisy labels. This is a problem where kernels (\emph{e.g.} NTK) are provably sub-optimal and benign overfitting does not…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-12 Dan Qiao , Kaiqi Zhang , Esha Singh , Daniel Soudry , Yu-Xiang Wang

We demonstrate that the choice of optimizer, neural network architecture, and regularizer significantly affect the adversarial robustness of linear neural networks, providing guarantees without the need for adversarial training. To this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-08 Fartash Faghri , Sven Gowal , Cristina Vasconcelos , David J. Fleet , Fabian Pedregosa , Nicolas Le Roux

The optimality and sensitivity of the empirical risk minimization problem with relative entropy regularization (ERM-RER) are investigated for the case in which the reference is a sigma-finite measure instead of a probability measure. This…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-15 Samir M. Perlaza , Gaetan Bisson , Iñaki Esnaola , Alain Jean-Marie , Stefano Rini

Implicit deep learning has received increasing attention recently due to the fact that it generalizes the recursive prediction rules of many commonly used neural network architectures. Its prediction rule is provided implicitly based on the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-21 Tianxiang Gao , Hailiang Liu , Jia Liu , Hridesh Rajan , Hongyang Gao

Recent theoretical works on over-parameterized neural nets have focused on two aspects: optimization and generalization. Many existing works that study optimization and generalization together are based on neural tangent kernel and require…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-27 Shiyu Liang , Ruoyu Sun , R. Srikant

We show that feedforward neural networks with ReLU activation generalize on low complexity data, suitably defined. Given i.i.d.~data generated from a simple programming language, the minimum description length (MDL) feedforward neural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Sourav Chatterjee , Timothy Sudijono

We study the parameter complexity of robust memorization for $\mathrm{ReLU}$ networks: the number of parameters required to interpolate any given dataset with $\epsilon$-separation between differently labeled points, while ensuring…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Yujun Kim , Chaewon Moon , Chulhee Yun

We provide a general framework for studying recurrent neural networks (RNNs) trained by injecting noise into hidden states. Specifically, we consider RNNs that can be viewed as discretizations of stochastic differential equations driven by…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-12-02 Soon Hoe Lim , N. Benjamin Erichson , Liam Hodgkinson , Michael W. Mahoney

Neural network training is usually accomplished by solving a non-convex optimization problem using stochastic gradient descent. Although one optimizes over the networks parameters, the main loss function generally only depends on the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-10 Julius Berner , Dennis Elbrächter , Philipp Grohs