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Producing thousands of simulations of the dark matter distribution in the Universe with increasing precision is a challenging but critical task to facilitate the exploitation of current and forthcoming cosmological surveys. Many inexpensive…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-02-02 Davide Piras , Benjamin Joachimi , Francisco Villaescusa-Navarro

The distribution of 21 cm emission from neutral hydrogen is a powerful cosmological and astrophysical probe, as it traces the underlying dark matter and cold gas distributions throughout cosmic times. However, the prediction of observable…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-05-22 Satvik Mishra , Roberto Trotta , Matteo Viel

Interpreting horizon-scale black hole images currently relies on computationally intensive General Relativistic Ray Tracing (GRRT) simulations, which pose a significant bottleneck for rapid parameter exploration and high-precision tests of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-03-16 Ao Liu , Xudong Zhang , Lin Ding , Cuihong Wen , Wentao Liu , Jieci Wang

Diffusion models have emerged as a prominent technique in generative modeling with neural networks, making their mark in tasks like text-to-image translation and super-resolution. In this tutorial, we provide a comprehensive guide to build…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-01-24 Harshith Bachimanchi , Giovanni Volpe

We present SR3, an approach to image Super-Resolution via Repeated Refinement. SR3 adapts denoising diffusion probabilistic models to conditional image generation and performs super-resolution through a stochastic denoising process.…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-07-01 Chitwan Saharia , Jonathan Ho , William Chan , Tim Salimans , David J. Fleet , Mohammad Norouzi

Diffusion models have shown promising results on single-image super-resolution and other image- to-image translation tasks. Despite this success, they have not outperformed state-of-the-art GAN models on the more challenging blind…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-02-16 Hshmat Sahak , Daniel Watson , Chitwan Saharia , David Fleet

Neural volumetric representations have become a widely adopted model for radiance fields in 3D scenes. These representations are fully implicit or hybrid function approximators of the instantaneous volumetric radiance in a scene, which are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-09 Yuval Bahat , Yuxuan Zhang , Hendrik Sommerhoff , Andreas Kolb , Felix Heide

Space exploration increasingly relies on Virtual Reality for several tasks, such as mission planning, multidisciplinary scientific analysis, and astronaut training. A key factor for the reliability of the simulations is having accurate 3D…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Giuseppe Lorenzo Catalano , Agata Marta Soccini

We investigate a series of galaxy properties computed using the merger trees and environmental histories from dark matter only cosmological simulations, using a semi-recurrent neural network producing self-consistent predictions of galaxy…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-07-08 Harry George Chittenden , Jayashree Behera , Rita Tojeiro

Cosmic structure simulations have improved enormously over the past decade, both in terms of the resolution which can be achieved, and with the addition of hydrodynamic and other techniques to formerly purely gravitational methods. This is…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 H. M. P. Couchman

Most existing super-resolution methods and datasets have been developed to improve the image quality in well-lighted conditions. However, these methods do not work well in real-world low-light conditions as the images captured in such…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-18 Yang Liu , Yaofang Liu , Jinshan Pan , Yuxiang Hui , Fan Jia , Raymond H. Chan , Tieyong Zeng

In the era of precision cosmology, the ability to generate accurate and large-scale galaxy catalogs is crucial for advancing our understanding of the universe. With the flood of cosmological data from current and upcoming missions,…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-12-13 Tanner Sether , Elena Giusarma , Mauricio Reyes-Hurtado

Super Resolution (SR) plays a critical role in computer vision, particularly in medical imaging, where hardware and acquisition time constraints often result in low spatial and temporal resolution. While diffusion models have been applied…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-01 Vishal Dubey

While burst Low-Resolution (LR) images are useful for improving their Super Resolution (SR) image compared to a single LR image, prior burst SR methods are trained in a deterministic manner, which produces a blurry SR image. Since such…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-21 Kento Kawai , Takeru Oba , Kyotaro Tokoro , Kazutoshi Akita , Norimichi Ukita

Horizon Run 5 (HR5) is a cosmological hydrodynamical simulation which captures the properties of the Universe on a Gpc scale while achieving a resolution of 1kpc. Inside the simulation box we zoom-in on a high-resolution cuboid region with…

We present a pipeline to estimate baryonic properties of a galaxy inside a dark matter (DM) halo in DM-only simulations using a machine trained on high-resolution hydrodynamic simulations. As an example, we use the IllustrisTNG hydrodynamic…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2019-10-03 Yongseok Jo , Ji-hoon Kim

We present a neural network-based simulation super-resolution framework that can efficiently and realistically enhance a facial performance produced by a low-cost, realtime physics-based simulation to a level of detail that closely…

We present ControlSR, a new method that can tame Diffusion Models for consistent real-world image super-resolution (Real-ISR). Previous Real-ISR models mostly focus on how to activate more generative priors of text-to-image diffusion models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-02 Yuhao Wan , Peng-Tao Jiang , Qibin Hou , Hao Zhang , Jinwei Chen , Ming-Ming Cheng , Bo Li

Diffusion models have gained significant popularity in the field of image-to-image translation. Previous efforts applying diffusion models to image super-resolution (SR) have demonstrated that iteratively refining pure Gaussian noise using…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-04 Axi Niu , Pham Xuan Trung , Kang Zhang , Jinqiu Sun , Yu Zhu , In So Kweon , Yanning Zhang

High-resolution computed tomography (CT) imaging is essential for medical diagnosis but requires increased radiation exposure, creating a critical trade-off between image quality and patient safety. While deep learning methods have shown…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-16 Chunlei Li , Yilei Shi , Haoxi Hu , Jingliang Hu , Xiao Xiang Zhu , Lichao Mou