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RPA (Robotic Process Automation) helps automate repetitive tasks performed by users, often across different software solutions. Regardless of the RPA tool chosen, the key problem in automation is analyzing the steps of these tasks. This is…

Explainable reinforcement learning (XRL) is an emerging subfield of explainable machine learning that has attracted considerable attention in recent years. The goal of XRL is to elucidate the decision-making process of learning agents in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-18 Stephanie Milani , Nicholay Topin , Manuela Veloso , Fei Fang

Understanding a Reinforcement Learning (RL) policy is crucial for ensuring that autonomous agents behave according to human expectations. This goal can be achieved using Explainable Reinforcement Learning (XRL) techniques. Although textual…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-07 Ahmad Terra , Mohit Ahmed , Rafia Inam , Elena Fersman , Martin Törngren

In this paper we present our work in progress towards a domain-specific language called Robot Perception Specification Language (RPSL). RSPL provide means to specify the expected result (task knowledge) of a Robot Perception Architecture in…

Robotics · Computer Science 2014-08-14 Nico Hochgeschwender , Sven Schneider , Holger Voos , Gerhard K. Kraetzschmar

The rise of automation has provided an opportunity to achieve higher efficiency in manufacturing processes, yet it often compromises the flexibility required to promptly respond to evolving market needs and meet the demand for…

This paper introduces a system designed to generate explanations for the actions performed by an autonomous robot in Human-Robot Interaction (HRI). Explainability in robotics, encapsulated within the concept of an eXplainable Autonomous…

Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI), i.e., the development of more transparent and interpretable AI models, has gained increased traction over the last few years. This is due to the fact that, in conjunction with their growth into…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-05-14 Erika Puiutta , Eric MSP Veith

Autonomous business processes (ABPs), i.e., self-executing workflows leveraging AI/ML, have the potential to improve operational efficiency, reduce errors, lower costs, improve response times, and free human workers for more strategic and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-08-01 Peter Fettke , Fabiana Fournier , Lior Limonad , Andreas Metzger , Stefanie Rinderle-Ma , Barbara Weber

We propose a new Verbal Reinforcement Learning (VRL) framework for interpretable task-level planning in mobile robotic systems operating under execution uncertainty. The framework follows a closed-loop architecture that enables iterative…

As businesses increasingly rely on automation to streamline operations, the limitations of Robotic Process Automation (RPA) have become apparent, particularly its dependence on expert knowledge and inability to handle complex…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-05 Laura Minkova , Jessica López Espejel , Taki Eddine Toufik Djaidja , Walid Dahhane , El Hassane Ettifouri

Researching novel user experiences in medicine is challenging due to limited access to equipment and strict ethical protocols. Extended Reality (XR) simulation technologies offer a cost- and time-efficient solution for developing…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-09-17 Jan Hendrik Plümer , Kevin Yu , Ulrich Eck , Denis Kalkofen , Philipp Steininger , Nassir Navab , Markus Tatzgern

While recent advances in deep learning have demonstrated its transformative potential, its adoption for real-world manufacturing applications remains limited. We present an Explanation User Interface (XUI) for a state-of-the-art deep…

Recent high-capacity vision-language-action (VLA) models have demonstrated impressive performance on a range of robotic manipulation tasks by imitating human demonstrations. However, exploiting offline data with limited visited states will…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Guanxing Lu , Wenkai Guo , Chubin Zhang , Yuheng Zhou , Haonan Jiang , Zifeng Gao , Yansong Tang , Ziwei Wang

Robotic Process Automation (RPA) is the automation of rule-based routine processes to increase efficiency and to reduce costs. Due to the utmost importance of process automation in industry, RPA attracts increasing attention in the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-12-23 Judith Wewerka , Manfred Reichert

XML is a standard and universal language for representing information. XML processing is supported by two key frameworks: DOM and SAX. SAX is efficient, but leaves the developer to encode much of the processing. This paper introduces a…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2015-06-11 Tony Clark

Robotic process automation (RPA) has emerged as the leading approach to automate tasks in business processes. Moving away from back-end automation, RPA automated the mouse-click on user interfaces; this outside-in approach reduced the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-07-28 Yara Rizk , Vatche Isahagian , Scott Boag , Yasaman Khazaeni , Merve Unuvar , Vinod Muthusamy , Rania Khalaf

Robots in real-world environments continuously engage with multiple users and encounter changes that lead to unexpected conflicts in fulfilling user requests. Recent technical advancements (e.g., large-language models (LLMs), program…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Christine P Lee , Pragathi Praveena , Bilge Mutlu

Humans naturally employ linguistic instructions to convey knowledge, a process that proves significantly more complex for machines, especially within the context of multitask robotic manipulation environments. Natural language, moreover,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Boyuan Zheng , Jianlong Zhou , Fang Chen

Robotic process automation (RPA) is a technology for centralized automation of business processes. RPA automates user interaction with graphical user interfaces, whereby it promises efficiency gains and a reduction of human negligence…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-09-10 Christian Wellmann , Matthias Stierle , Sebastian Dunzer , Martin Matzner

With deep reinforcement learning (RL) systems like autonomous driving being wildly deployed but remaining largely opaque, developers frequently use explainable RL (XRL) tools to better understand and work with deep RL agents. However,…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2022-12-13 Xiaoran Wu , Zihan Yan , Chongjie Zhang , Tongshuang Wu
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