Related papers: Thermal and electric field driven breakdown precur…
The use of CO2 as a natural refrigerant in data center cooling, oil recovery and in CO2 capture and storage which is gaining traction in recent years involves heat transfer between CO2 and the base fluid. A need arises to improve the…
Effects of nanostructured defects of copper solid surface on the bubble growth in liquid argon have been investigated through a hybrid atomistic-continuum method. The same solid surfaces with five different nanostructures, namely, wedge…
Supported metal nanoparticle (NP) catalysts are vital for the sustainable production of chemicals, but their design and implementation are limited by the ability to identify and characterize their structures and atomic sites that are…
Nanocrystalline metals, i.e. metals in which the grain size is in the nanometer range, have a range of technologically interesting properties including increased hardness and yield strength. We present atomic-scale simulations of the…
Electron interactions are pivotal for defining the electronic structure of quantum materials. In particular, the strong electron Coulomb repulsion is considered the keystone for describing the emergence of exotic and/or ordered phases of…
The heating of electrons in collisionless magnetic reconnection is explored in particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations with non-zero guide fields so that electrons remain magnetized. In this regime electric fields parallel to B accelerate…
The possibility of disappearance of the diffuse-intensity peak splitting induced by the Fermi surface (i.e., of coalescence of the intensity maxima) with decreasing temperature is predicted. The underlying mechanism is the compensation of…
High electric fields can significantly alter catalytic environments and the resultant chemical processes. Such fields arise naturally in biological systems but can also be artificially induced through localized excitations at nanoscale.…
Electric fields and currents, which are used in innovative materials processing and electrochemical energy conversion, can often alter microstructures in unexpected ways. However, little is known about the underlying mechanisms. Using…
In-situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM) has become an important technique to study dynamic processes at highest spatial resolution and one branch is the investigation of phenomena related with electrical currents. Here, we present…
A model is described, in which electrical breakdown in high-voltage systems is caused by stochastic fluctuations of the mobile dislocation population in the cathode. In this model, the mobile dislocation density normally fluctuates, with a…
Breakage is generally understood in mechanical terms, yet nano-structures can rupture not only under external loads but also via thermal activation. Here we treat in a general framework the statistical mechanics of thermally induced…
We show that a thermally excited spin-current naturally appears in metals with embedded ferromagnetic nanoclusters. When such materials are subjected to a magnetic field, a spin current can be generated by a temperature gradient across the…
Radiation creep and swelling are irreversible deformation phenomena occurring in materials irradiated even at low temperatures. On the microscopic scale, energetic particles initiate collision cascades, generating and eliminating defects…
The potential barrier model considering an additional current that can lead to the high-gradient breakdowns in accelerating structures is proposed. An oscillatory resonance feature of the field emission current from a double-layer metal…
By combining first principles transition state location and molecular dynamics simulation, we unambiguously identify a carbon atom approaching induced bridging metal structure formation on Cu (111) surface, which strongly modify the carbon…
Surface oxidation of high-purity copper is accelerated under tribological loading. Tribo-oxide formation at room temperature is associated with diffusion processes along defects, such as dislocations or grain boundaries. Here, we embark on…
Electro-coalescence is the application of an electric field onto coalescing fluid bodies. The following fluid dynamics videos show a droplet coalescing into a fluid bath while embedded into a viscous medium and subject to a very high…
The physical mechanism for metal ablation induced by femtosecond laser irradiation was investigated. Results of calculations based on finite-temperature density functional theory (FTDFT) indicate that condensed copper becomes unstable at…
We use the formerly derived explicit analytical expressions for the conductivity of nanostructured superconductors supercooled below the critical temperature in electric field. Computer simulations reveal that the negative differential…