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Testing Automated Driving Systems (ADS) in simulation with realistic driving scenarios is important for verifying their performance. However, converting real-world driving videos into simulation scenarios is a significant challenge due to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Yan Miao , Georgios Fainekos , Bardh Hoxha , Hideki Okamoto , Danil Prokhorov , Sayan Mitra

Safety-critical scenarios are rare yet pivotal for evaluating and enhancing the robustness of autonomous driving systems. While existing methods generate safety-critical driving trajectories, simulations, or single-view videos, they fall…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Jiawei Zhou , Linye Lyu , Zhuotao Tian , Cheng Zhuo , Yu Li

Autonomous driving vehicles provide a vast potential for realizing use cases in the on-road and off-road domains. Consequently, remarkable solutions exist to autonomous systems' environmental perception and control. Nevertheless, proof of…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-03-29 Patrick Wolf

Autonomous vehicles are increasingly introduced into our lives. Yet, people's misunderstanding and mistrust have become the major obstacles to the use of these technologies. In response to this problem, proper work must be done to increase…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-02-20 Zhijie Qiao , Xiatao Sun , Helen Loeb , Rahul Mangharam

Safety performance evaluation is critical for developing and deploying connected and automated vehicles (CAVs). One prevailing way is to design testing scenarios using prior knowledge of CAVs, test CAVs in these scenarios, and then evaluate…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-02-08 Jingxuan Yang , Haowei Sun , Honglin He , Yi Zhang , Shuo Feng , Henry X. Liu

Ensuring and improving the safety of autonomous driving systems (ADS) is crucial for the deployment of highly automated vehicles, especially in safety-critical events. To address the rarity issue, adversarial scenario generation methods are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Yuewen Mei , Tong Nie , Jian Sun , Ye Tian

Closed-loop simulation environments play a crucial role in the validation and enhancement of autonomous driving systems (ADS). However, certain challenges warrant significant attention, including balancing simulation accuracy with duration,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-02-14 Daocheng Fu , Naiting Zhong , Xu Han , Pinlong Cai , Licheng Wen , Song Mao , Botian Shi , Yu Qiao

Testing autonomous vehicles in simulation environments is crucial. Sim-ATAV is an open-source framework developed for experimenting with different test generation techniques in simulation environments for research purposes. This document…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-03-27 Cumhur Erkan Tuncali

Robustness is a critical requirement for deploying autonomous driving systems in the real world. Existing robustness benchmarks for autonomous driving have made important progress in studying the effects of image-level corruptions, such as…

Recent advancements in world models have revolutionized dynamic environment simulation, allowing systems to foresee future states and assess potential actions. In autonomous driving, these capabilities help vehicles anticipate the behavior…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Anthony Chen , Wenzhao Zheng , Yida Wang , Xueyang Zhang , Kun Zhan , Peng Jia , Kurt Keutzer , Shanghang Zhang

To improve the security and robustness of autonomous driving models, this paper presents SMET, a scenariobased metamorphic testing tool for autonomous driving models. The metamorphic relationship is divided into three dimensions (time,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-04-09 Haiyang Ao , Ya Pan

We present a flow-matching planner for autonomous driving that directly outputs actionable control trajectories defined by acceleration and curvature profiles. The model is conditioned on a bird's-eye-view (BEV) raster of the surrounding…

Obstacle detection is crucial to the operation of autonomous driving systems, which rely on multiple sensors, such as cameras and LiDARs, combined with code logic and deep learning models to detect obstacles for time-sensitive decisions.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Tri Minh-Triet Pham , Diego Elias Costa , Weiyi Shang , Jinqiu Yang

Realistic simulation is key to enabling safe and scalable development of % self-driving vehicles. A core component is simulating the sensors so that the entire autonomy system can be tested in simulation. Sensor simulation involves modeling…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-03 Jingkang Wang , Sivabalan Manivasagam , Yun Chen , Ze Yang , Ioan Andrei Bârsan , Anqi Joyce Yang , Wei-Chiu Ma , Raquel Urtasun

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have been proven extremely susceptible to adversarial examples, which raises special safety-critical concerns for DNN-based autonomous driving stacks (i.e., 3D object detection). Although there are extensive…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-07 Leheng Li , Qing Lian , Ying-Cong Chen

Autonomous vehicles need to travel over 11 billion miles to ensure their safety. Therefore, the importance of simulation testing before real-world testing is self-evident. In recent years, the release of 3D simulators for autonomous…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Kai Li

Safety validation of autonomous driving systems requires high-risk scenario coverage, clear collision semantics, executable trajectories, and attributable multi-vehicle interactions. Existing safety-critical scenario generation methods…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Cheng Wang , Chen Xiong , Ziwen Wang , Yuchen Zhou , Qiang Liu

Autonomous driving and assistance systems rely on annotated data from traffic and road scenarios to model and learn the various object relations in complex real-world scenarios. Preparation and training of deploy-able deep learning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-25 Shubham Dokania , A. H. Abdul Hafez , Anbumani Subramanian , Manmohan Chandraker , C. V. Jawahar

Autonomous Vehicles (AVs) aim to improve traffic safety and efficiency by reducing human error. However, ensuring AVs reliability and safety is a challenging task when rare, high-risk traffic scenarios are considered. These 'Corner Cases'…

Automated driving systems (ADS) are expected to be reliable and robust against a wide range of driving scenarios. Their decisions, first and foremost, must be well understood. Understanding a decision made by ADS is a great challenge,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-06-08 Quang-Hung Luu , Huai Liu , Tsong Yueh Chen , Hai L. Vu