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We study a variant of online multiclass classification where the learner predicts a single label but receives a \textit{set of labels} as feedback. In this model, the learner is penalized for not outputting a label contained in the revealed…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-21 Vinod Raman , Unique Subedi , Ambuj Tewari

In binary ($0/1$) online classification with apple tasting feedback, the learner receives feedback only when predicting $1$. Besides some degenerate learning tasks, all previously known learning algorithms for this model are randomized.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Zachary Chase , Idan Mehalel

We study a new learning protocol, termed partial-feedback online learning, where each instance admits a set of acceptable labels, but the learner observes only one acceptable label per round. We highlight that, while classical version space…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Shihao Shao , Cong Fang , Zhouchen Lin , Dacheng Tao

This paper studies classification with an abstention option in the online setting. In this setting, examples arrive sequentially, the learner is given a hypothesis class $\mathcal H$, and the goal of the learner is to either predict a label…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-09-29 Chicheng Zhang , Kamalika Chaudhuri

We consider a variant of online binary classification where a learner sequentially assigns labels ($0$ or $1$) to items with unknown true class. If, but only if, the learner chooses label $1$ they immediately observe the true label of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-23 James A. Grant , David S. Leslie

We consider the problem of multiclass transductive online learning when the number of labels can be unbounded. Previous works by Ben-David et al. [1997] and Hanneke et al. [2023b] only consider the case of binary and finite label spaces,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Steve Hanneke , Vinod Raman , Amirreza Shaeiri , Unique Subedi

We study the problem of online binary classification in settings where strategic agents can modify their observable features to receive a positive classification. We model the set of feasible manipulations by a directed graph over the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-17 Saba Ahmadi , Kunhe Yang , Hanrui Zhang

We consider the problem of online classification under a privacy constraint. In this setting a learner observes sequentially a stream of labelled examples $(x_t, y_t)$, for $1 \leq t \leq T$, and returns at each iteration $t$ a hypothesis…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-28 Noah Golowich , Roi Livni

We study multiclass online prediction where the learner can predict using a list of multiple labels (as opposed to just one label in the traditional setting). We characterize learnability in this model using the $b$-ary Littlestone…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-19 Shay Moran , Ohad Sharon , Iska Tsubari , Sivan Yosebashvili

Delle Rose et al.~(COLT'23) introduced an effective version of the Vapnik-Chervonenkis dimension, and showed that it characterizes improper PAC learning with total computable learners. In this paper, we introduce and study a similar…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-25 Valentino Delle Rose , Alexander Kozachinskiy , Tomasz Steifer

We study the online learnability of hypothesis classes with respect to arbitrary, but bounded loss functions. No characterization of online learnability is known at this level of generality. We give a new scale-sensitive combinatorial…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-12 Vinod Raman , Unique Subedi , Ambuj Tewari

We propose a new variant of online learning that we call "ambiguous online learning". In this setting, the learner is allowed to produce multiple predicted labels. Such an "ambiguous prediction" is considered correct when at least one of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Vanessa Kosoy

In this work, we aim to characterize the statistical complexity of realizable regression both in the PAC learning setting and the online learning setting. Previous work had established the sufficiency of finiteness of the fat shattering…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-04 Idan Attias , Steve Hanneke , Alkis Kalavasis , Amin Karbasi , Grigoris Velegkas

A classical result in online learning characterizes the optimal mistake bound achievable by deterministic learners using the Littlestone dimension (Littlestone '88). We prove an analogous result for randomized learners: we show that the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-18 Yuval Filmus , Steve Hanneke , Idan Mehalel , Shay Moran

We study online multiclass classification under bandit feedback. We extend the results of Daniely and Helbertal [2013] by showing that the finiteness of the Bandit Littlestone dimension is necessary and sufficient for bandit online…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-23 Ananth Raman , Vinod Raman , Unique Subedi , Idan Mehalel , Ambuj Tewari

We present new upper and lower bounds on the number of learner mistakes in the `transductive' online learning setting of Ben-David, Kushilevitz and Mansour (1997). This setting is similar to standard online learning, except that the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-01 Steve Hanneke , Shay Moran , Jonathan Shafer

We study multiclass classification in the agnostic adversarial online learning setting. As our main result, we prove that any multiclass concept class is agnostically learnable if and only if its Littlestone dimension is finite. This solves…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-10 Steve Hanneke , Shay Moran , Vinod Raman , Unique Subedi , Ambuj Tewari

We study the problem of learning robust classifiers where the classifier will receive a perturbed input. Unlike robust PAC learning studied in prior work, here the clean data and its label are also adversarially chosen. We formulate this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Sajad Ashkezari

We revisit the problem of private online learning, in which a learner receives a sequence of $T$ data points and has to respond at each time-step a hypothesis. It is required that the entire stream of output hypotheses should satisfy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Bo Li , Wei Wang , Peng Ye

We study fast rates of convergence in the setting of nonparametric online regression, namely where regret is defined with respect to an arbitrary function class which has bounded complexity. Our contributions are two-fold: - In the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-13 Constantinos Daskalakis , Noah Golowich
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