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For the last 50 years, superconducting detectors have offered exceptional sensitivity and speed for detecting faint electromagnetic signals in a wide range of applications. These detectors operate at very low temperatures and generate a…

Practical superconducting nanowire single photon detectors (SNSPDs) demonstrate a strong trade-off between detection sensitivity and the reset time. Often, there are wide variations in sensitivity and response times from SNSPDs of the same…

Superconductivity · Physics 2024-11-11 Souvik Haldar , Yash Sharma , Krishna B. Balasubramanian

Deep space explorations require transferring huge amounts of data quickly from very distant targets. Laser communication is a promising technology that can offer a data rate of magnitude faster than conventional microwave communication due…

We present a free-running single photon detector for telecom wavelengths based on a negative feedback avalanche photodiode (NFAD). A dark count rate as low as 1 cps was obtained at a detection efficiency of 10%, with an afterpulse…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-12-04 Boris Korzh , Nino Walenta , Tommaso Lunghi , Nicolas Gisin , Hugo Zbinden

Single-photon avalanche diodes (SPADs) are advanced sensors capable of detecting individual photons and recording their arrival times with picosecond resolution using time-correlated Single-Photon Counting detection techniques. They are…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-12-13 Alice Ruget , Lewis Wilson , Jonathan Leach , Rachael Tobin , Aongus Mccarthy , Gerald S. Buller , Steve Mclaughlin , Abderrahim Halimi

We demonstrated a laser depth imaging system based on the time-correlated single-photon counting technique, which was incorporated with a low-jitter superconducting nanowire single-photon detector (SNSPD), operated at the wavelength of 1550…

Optics · Physics 2023-07-19 H. Zhou , Y. He , L. You , S. Chen , W. Zhang , J. Wu , Z. Wang , X. Xie

Deterministic generation of single photons is essential for many quantum information technologies. A bulk optical nonlinearity emitting a photon pair, where the measurement of one of the photons heralds the presence of the other, is…

We experimentally demonstrate optical control of negative-feedback avalanche diode (NFAD) detectors using bright light. We deterministically generate fake single-photon detections with a better timing precision than normal operation. This…

Silicon single-photon detectors (SPDs) are the key devices for detecting single photons in the visible wavelength range. Here we present high detection efficiency silicon SPDs dedicated to the generation of multiphoton entanglement based on…

A sine-gated single-photon detector (SPD) intended for use in a quantum key distribution (QKD) system is considered in this paper. An "avalanche delay" effect in the sine-gated SPD is revealed. This effect consists in the appearance of an…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2023-10-09 Alexandr Filyaev , Anton Losev , Vladimir Zavodilenko , Igor Pavlov

We report operation and characterization of a lab-assembled single-photon detector based on commercial silicon avalanche photodiodes (PerkinElmer C30902SH, C30921SH). Dark count rate as low as 5 Hz was achieved by cooling the photodiodes…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2011-09-30 Yong-Su Kim , Youn-Chang Jeong , Sebastien Sauge , Vadim Makarov , Yoon-Ho Kim

The spectral detection efficiency and the dark count rate of superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPD) has been studied systematically on detectors made from thin NbN films with different chemical compositions. Reduction of…

Superconductivity · Physics 2015-06-05 D. Henrich , S. Dörner , M. Hofherr , K. Il'in , A. Semenov , E. Heintze , M. Scheffler , M. Dressel , M. Siegel

Time-resolved single photon imaging is a promising imaging modality characterized by the unique capability of timestamping the arrivals of single photons. Single-Photon Avalanche Diodes (SPADs) are the leading technology for implementing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-23 Aleksi Suonsivu , Lauri Salmela , Edoardo Peretti , Leevi Uosukainen , Radu Ciprian Bilcu , Giacomo Boracchi

Generally, a superconducting nanowire single-photon detector (SNSPD) is composed of wires with a typical width of ~100 nm. Recent studies have found that superconducting strips with a micrometer-scale width can also detect single photons.…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2021-04-28 Guang-Zhao Xu , Wei-Jun Zhang , Li-Xing You , Jia-Min Xiong , Xing-Qu Sun , Hao Huang , Xin Ou , Yi-Ming Pan , Chao-Lin Lv , Hao Li , Zhen Wang , Xiao-Ming Xie

Ultraviolet single-photon detector (UVSPD) provides a key tool for the applications requiring ultraweak light detection in the wavelength band. Here, we report a 4H-SiC single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD) based free-running UVSPD with…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2023-03-14 Chao Yu , Tianyi Li , Xian-Song Zhao , Hai Lu , Rong Zhang , Feihu Xu , Jun Zhang , Jian-Wei Pan

By harnessing quantum superposition and entanglement, remarkable progress has sprouted over the past three decades from different areas of research in communication computation and simulation. To further improve the processing ability of…

Applied Physics · Physics 2021-01-12 Ye Yang , Yaqing Jin , Xiao Xiang , Wei Li , Tao Liu , Shougang Zhang , Ruifang Dong , Ming Li

Superconducting nanowire single photon detectors (SNSPDs) are a leading detector technology for time-resolved single-photon counting from the ultraviolet to the near-infrared regime. The recent advancement in single-photon sensitivity in…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2025-10-09 Christina Wang , Cristián Peña , Si Xie , Emanuel Knehr , Boris Korzh , Jamie Luskin , Sahil Patel , Matthew Shaw , Valentina Vega

Most, if not all, photonic quantum computing (PQC) relies upon superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs) based on niobium (Nb) operated at a temperature < 4 K. This paper proposes and analyzes 300 K waveguide-integrated…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-09-18 Neil Na , Chou-Yun Hsu , Erik Chen , Richard Soref

We present a novel structured light technique that uses Single Photon Avalanche Diode (SPAD) arrays to enable 3D scanning at high-frame rates and low-light levels. This technique, called "Single-Photon Structured Light", works by sensing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-04-12 Varun Sundar , Sizhuo Ma , Aswin C. Sankaranarayanan , Mohit Gupta

We present the characteristics of superconducting nanowire single photon detectors (SNSPDs) fabricated from amorphous Mo0.75Ge0.25 thin-films. Fabricated devices show a saturation of the internal detection efficiency at temperatures below 1…

Superconductivity · Physics 2015-06-18 V. B. Verma , A. E. Lita , M. R. Vissers , F. Marsili , D. P. Pappas , R. P. Mirin , S. W. Nam