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Dark patterns are deceptive user interfaces employed by e-commerce websites to manipulate user's behavior in a way that benefits the website, often unethically. This study investigates the detection of such dark patterns. Existing solutions…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-06-05 Arya Ramteke , Sankalp Tembhurne , Gunesh Sonawane , Ratnmala N. Bhimanpallewar

Dark patterns utilize interface elements to trick users into performing unwanted actions. Online shopping websites often employ these manipulative mechanisms so as to increase their potential customer base, to boost their sales, or to…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2021-07-19 Christian Voigt , Stephan Schlögl , Aleksander Groth

This position paper draws from the complexity of dark patterns to develop arguments for differentiated interventions. We propose a matrix of interventions with a \textit{measure axis} (from user-directed to environment-directed) and a…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2021-03-17 Arianna Rossi , Kerstin Bongard-Blanchy

Deceptive/Manipulative Patterns (DMP) are interface designs, also known as ``dark patterns,'' that manipulate user behavior. While considerable attention has been paid to their ethical and legal implications, empirical evidence about their…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Brennan Schaffner , Luis Heysen , Marshini Chetty

Mixed Reality (MR) integrates virtual objects with the real world, offering potential but raising concerns about misuse through dark patterns. This study explored the effects of four dark patterns, adapted from prior research, and applied…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Luca-Maxim Meinhardt , Simon Demharter , Michael Rietzler , Mark Colley , Thomas Eßmeyer , Enrico Rukzio

Dark patterns, design tricks used on online interfaces to manipulate users decision-making process, have raised public concerns. However, research on regulation of dark pattern remains underdeveloped and scattered, particularly regarding…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-07-16 Weiwei Yi , Zihao Li

Throughout the past decade, research in HCI has identified numerous instances of dark patterns in digital interfaces. These efforts have led to a well-fostered typology describing harmful strategies users struggle to navigate. However, an…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-05-14 Thomas Mildner , Albert Inkoom , Rainer Malaka , Jasmin Niess

Dark patterns are (evil) design nudges that steer people's behaviour through persuasive interface design. Increasingly found in cookie consent requests, they possibly undermine principles of EU privacy law. In two preregistered online…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Paul Graßl , Hanna Schraffenberger , Frederik Zuiderveen Borgesius , Moniek Buijzen

Current dark pattern research tells designers what not to do, but how do they know what to do? In contrast to prior approaches that focus on patterns to avoid and their underlying principles, we present a framework grounded in positive…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Evan Caragay , Katherine Xiong , Jonathan Zong , Daniel Jackson

Lawmakers around the country are crafting new laws to target "dark patterns" -- user interface designs that trick or coerce users into enabling cell phone location tracking, sharing browsing data, initiating automatic billing, or making…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-07-18 Gregory M. Dickinson

Designers' use of deceptive and manipulative design practices have become increasingly ubiquitous, impacting users' ability to make choices that respect their agency and autonomy. These practices have been popularly defined through the term…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2022-07-22 Ikechukwu Obi , Colin M. Gray , Shruthi Sai Chivukula , Ja-Nae Duane , Janna Johns , Matthew Will , Ziqing Li , Thomas Carlock

Augmented Reality (AR) applications are becoming more mainstream, with successful examples in the mobile environment like Pokemon GO. Current malicious techniques can exploit these environments' immersive and mixed nature (physical-virtual)…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-03-10 Xian Wang , Lik-Hang Lee , Carlos Bermejo Fernandez , Pan Hui

AI-driven recommender systems are often perceived as personalization black boxes, limiting users' ability to understand how their data shapes content (information asymmetry) or to influence system behavior meaningfully (power asymmetry).…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Mengke Wu , Weizi Liu , Yanyun Wang , Weiyu Ding , Mike Yao

The issue of dark patterns and deceptive designs (DPs) in everyday interfaces and interactions continues to grow. DPs are manipulative and malicious elements within user interfaces that deceive users into making unintended choices. In…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-05-16 Weichen Joe Chang , Katie Seaborn , Andrew A. Adams

User interface personalization enhances digital efficiency, usability, and accessibility. However, in user-driven setups, limited support for identifying and evaluating worthwhile opportunities often leads to underuse. We explore a…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Sérgio Alves , Carlos Duarte , Kyle Montague , Tiago Guerreiro

Dark patterns are deceptive strategies that recent work in human-computer interaction (HCI) has captured throughout digital domains, including social networking sites (SNSs). While research has identified difficulties among people to…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-03-10 Thomas Mildner , Daniel Fidel , Evropi Stefanidi , Pawel W. Wozniak , Rainer Malaka , Jasmin Niess

This paper addresses the critical issue of deceptive design elements prevalent in technology, and their potential impact on children. Recent research highlights the impact of dark patterns on adults and adolescents, while studies involving…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Noverah Khan , Hira Eiraj Daud , Suleman Shahid

Manipulative design in user interfaces (conceptualized as dark patterns) has emerged as a significant impediment to the ethical design of technology and a threat to user agency and freedom of choice. While previous research focused on…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-02-13 Mateusz Dubiel , Anastasia Sergeeva , Luis A. Leiva

Past studies have illustrated the prevalence of UI dark patterns, or user interfaces that can lead end-users toward (unknowingly) taking actions that they may not have intended. Such deceptive UI designs can result in adverse effects on end…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-03-14 SM Hasan Mansur , Sabiha Salma , Damilola Awofisayo , Kevin Moran

Deceptive UI designs, widely instantiated across the web and commonly known as dark patterns, manipulate users into performing actions misaligned with their goals. In this paper, we show that dark patterns are highly effective in steering…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-09 Phil Cuvin , Hao Zhu , Diyi Yang