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Online services pervasively employ manipulative designs (i.e., dark patterns) to influence users to purchase goods and subscriptions, spend more time on-site, or mindlessly accept the harvesting of their personal data. To protect users from…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2021-06-02 Kerstin Bongard-Blanchy , Arianna Rossi , Salvador Rivas , Sophie Doublet , Vincent Koenig , Gabriele Lenzini

Manipulation defines many of our experiences as a consumer, including subtle nudges and overt advertising campaigns that seek to gain our attention and money. With the advent of digital services that can continuously optimize online…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2022-07-22 Colin M. Gray , Jingle Chen , Shruthi Sai Chivukula , Liyang Qu

Dark patterns are user interface design choices that benefit an online service by coercing, steering, or deceiving users into making unintended and potentially harmful decisions. We present automated techniques that enable experts to…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2019-09-23 Arunesh Mathur , Gunes Acar , Michael J. Friedman , Elena Lucherini , Jonathan Mayer , Marshini Chetty , Arvind Narayanan

Dark patterns are interface designs that nudge users towards behavior that is against their best interests. Since humans are often not even aware that they are influenced by these malicious patterns, research has to identify ways to protect…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2021-03-30 Philip Hausner , Michael Gertz

The dark patterns, deceptive interface designs manipulating user behaviors, have been extensively studied for their effects on human decision-making and autonomy. Yet, with the rising prominence of LLM-powered GUI agents that automate tasks…

There is a rapidly growing literature on dark patterns, user interface designs -- typically related to shopping or privacy -- that researchers deem problematic. Recent work has been predominantly descriptive, documenting and categorizing…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2021-01-14 Arunesh Mathur , Jonathan Mayer , Mihir Kshirsagar

Dark patterns are deceptive user interface designs for online services that make users behave in unintended ways. Dark patterns, such as privacy invasion, financial loss, and emotional distress, can harm users. These issues have been the…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-01-10 Yuki Yada , Tsuneo Matsumoto , Fuyuko Kido , Hayato Yamana

User experience designers are facing increasing scrutiny and criticism for creating harmful technologies, leading to a pushback against unethical design practices. While clear-cut harmful practices such as dark patterns have received…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-04-04 Hauke Sandhaus

User engagement with data privacy and security through consent banners has become a ubiquitous part of interacting with internet services. While previous work has addressed consent banners from either interaction design, legal, and…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2021-02-05 Colin M. Gray , Cristiana Santos , Nataliia Bielova , Michael Toth , Damian Clifford

Interest in unethical user interfaces has grown in HCI over recent years, with researchers identifying malicious design strategies referred to as ''dark patterns''. While such strategies have been described in numerous domains, we lack a…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-05-23 Thomas Mildner , Merle Freye , Gian-Luca Savino , Philip R. Doyle , Benjamin R. Cowan , Rainer Malaka

Deceptive patterns, dark patterns, and manipulative user interfaces (UI) are a widely used design strategy that manipulates users to act against their own interests in pursuit of shareholder aims. These patterns may particularly affect…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Tobias Pellkvist , Katie Seaborn , Miu Kojima

Dark patterns in user interfaces represent deceptive design practices intended to manipulate users' behavior, often leading to unintended consequences such as coerced purchases, involuntary data disclosures, or user frustration. Detecting…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-12-20 Aliyu Umar , Maaruf Lawan , Adamu Lawan , Abdullahi Abdulkadir , Mukhtar Dahiru

As LLM-based computer-use agents (CUAs) begin to autonomously interact with real-world interfaces, understanding their vulnerability to manipulative interface designs becomes increasingly critical. We introduce SusBench, an online benchmark…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Longjie Guo , Chenjie Yuan , Mingyuan Zhong , Robert Wolfe , Ruican Zhong , Yue Xu , Bingbing Wen , Hua Shen , Lucy Lu Wang , Alexis Hiniker

The advancement of artificial intelligence has transformed user interface design by enabling adaptive and personalized systems. Alongside these benefits, AI driven interfaces have also enabled the emergence of dark patterns, which are…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Daksh Pandey

While a central goal of HCI has always been to create and develop interfaces that are easy to use, a deeper focus has been set more recently on designing interfaces more ethically. However, the exact meaning and measurement of ethical…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2022-07-20 Thomas Mildner , Philip Doyle , Gian-Luca Savino , Rainer Malaka

Many researchers have been concerned with whether social media has a negative impact on the well-being of their audience. With the popularity of social networking sites (SNS) steadily increasing, psychological and social sciences have shown…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2021-04-08 Thomas Mildner , Gian-Luca Savino

Mobile user interfaces abundantly feature so-called 'dark patterns'. These deceptive design practices manipulate users' decision making to profit online service providers. While past research on dark patterns mainly focus on visual design,…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-04-14 Chenge Tang , Karthikeya Puttur Venkatraj , Hongbo Liu , Christina Schneegass , Gijs Huisman , Abdallah El Ali

As digital interfaces become increasingly prevalent, certain manipulative design elements have emerged that may harm user interests, raising associated ethical concerns and bringing dark patterns into focus as a significant research topic.…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-12-13 Meng Li , Xiang Wang , Liming Nie , Chenglin Li , Yang Liu , Yangyang Zhao , Lei Xue , Kabir Sulaiman Said

Research in HCI has shown a growing interest in unethical design practices across numerous domains, often referred to as ``dark patterns''. There is, however, a gap in related literature regarding social networking services (SNSs). In this…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-03-02 Thomas Mildner , Gian-Luca Savino , Philip R. Doyle , Benjamin R. Cowan , Rainer Malaka

Dark patterns, which are user interface designs in online services, induce users to take unintended actions. Recently, dark patterns have been raised as an issue of privacy and fairness. Thus, a wide range of research on detecting dark…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Yuki Yada , Jiaying Feng , Tsuneo Matsumoto , Nao Fukushima , Fuyuko Kido , Hayato Yamana
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