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In this work, we introduce the demonstration of symbolic music generation, focusing on providing short musical motifs that serve as the central theme of the narrative. For the generation, we adopt an autoregressive model which takes musical…

This paper describes an open-source Python framework for handling datasets for music processing tasks, built with the aim of improving the reproducibility of research projects in music computing and assessing the generalization abilities of…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2021-12-28 Federico Simonetta , Stavros Ntalampiras , Federico Avanzini

There are many packages in Python which allow one to perform real-time processing on audio data. Unfortunately, due to the synchronous nature of the language, there lacks a framework which allows for distributed parallel processing of the…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-03-18 Nicolas Shu , David V. Anderson

Recent work in the field of symbolic music generation has shown value in using a tokenization based on the GuitarPro format, a symbolic representation supporting guitar expressive attributes, as an input and output representation. We extend…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-07-12 Jackson Loth , Pedro Sarmento , CJ Carr , Zack Zukowski , Mathieu Barthet

This paper presents a study on the use of a real-time music-to-image system as a mechanism to support and inspire musicians during their creative process. The system takes MIDI messages from a keyboard as input which are then interpreted…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-07-09 Meng Yang , Maria Teresa Llano , Jon McCormack

Tokenizing music to fit the general framework of language models is a compelling challenge, especially considering the diverse symbolic structures in which music can be represented (e.g., sequences, grids, and graphs). To date, most…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Lekai Qian , Haoyu Gu , Jingwei Zhao , Ziyu Wang

The polyphonic nature of music makes the application of deep learning to music modelling a challenging task. On the other hand, the Transformer architecture seems to be a good fit for this kind of data. In this work, we present Calliope, a…

Sound · Computer Science 2021-07-13 Andrea Valenti , Stefano Berti , Davide Bacciu

We investigate the problem of modeling symbolic sequences of polyphonic music in a completely general piano-roll representation. We introduce a probabilistic model based on distribution estimators conditioned on a recurrent neural network…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2012-07-03 Nicolas Boulanger-Lewandowski , Yoshua Bengio , Pascal Vincent

In this document, we introduce a new dataset designed for training machine learning models of symbolic music data. Five datasets are provided, one of which is from a newly collected corpus of 20K midi files. We describe our preprocessing…

Sound · Computer Science 2016-06-09 Christian Walder

Guitar tablatures enrich the structure of traditional music notation by assigning each note to a string and fret of a guitar in a particular tuning, indicating precisely where to play the note on the instrument. The problem of generating…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-08-12 Drew Edwards , Xavier Riley , Pedro Sarmento , Simon Dixon

This article presents a benchmark study of symbolic piano music classification using the masked language modelling approach of the Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT). Specifically, we consider two types of MIDI…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Yi-Hui Chou , I-Chun Chen , Chin-Jui Chang , Joann Ching , Yi-Hsuan Yang

In this work, we introduce Mozualization, a music generation and editing tool that creates multi-style embedded music by integrating diverse inputs, such as keywords, images, and sound clips (e.g., segments from various pieces of music or…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Wanfang Xu , Lixiang Zhao , Haiwen Song , Xinheng Song , Zhaolin Lu , Yu Liu , Min Chen , Eng Gee Lim , Lingyun Yu

This paper presents a comprehensive investigation of existing feature extraction tools for symbolic music and contrasts their performance to determine the set of features that best characterizes the musical style of a given music score. In…

Deep learning-based probabilistic models of musical data are producing increasingly realistic results and promise to enter creative workflows of many kinds. Yet they have been little-studied in a performance setting, where the results of…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-03-20 Victor Shepardson , Jack Armitage , Thor Magnusson

Symbolic music generation aims to create musical notes, which can help users compose music, such as generating target instrument tracks based on provided source tracks. In practical scenarios where there's a predefined ensemble of tracks…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-10-02 Ang Lv , Xu Tan , Peiling Lu , Wei Ye , Shikun Zhang , Jiang Bian , Rui Yan

Symbolic encoding has been used in multi-operator learning as a way to embed additional information for distinct time-series data. For spatiotemporal systems described by time-dependent partial differential equations, the equation itself…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-19 Derek Jollie , Jingmin Sun , Zecheng Zhang , Hayden Schaeffer

Recent advances in multimodal large language models (MLLM) for audio music have demonstrated strong capabilities in music understanding, yet symbolic music, a fundamental representation of musical structure, remains unexplored. In this…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Meng Yang , Jon McCormack , Maria Teresa Llano , Wanchao Su , Chao Lei

Modelling musical structure is vital yet challenging for artificial intelligence systems that generate symbolic music compositions. This literature review dissects the evolution of techniques for incorporating coherent structure, from…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-03-14 Keshav Bhandari , Simon Colton

We present TALKPLAY, a novel multimodal music recommendation system that reformulates recommendation as a token generation problem using large language models (LLMs). By leveraging the instruction-following and natural language generation…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Seungheon Doh , Keunwoo Choi , Juhan Nam

We present SceneTok, a novel tokenizer for encoding view sets of scenes into a compressed and diffusable set of unstructured tokens. Existing approaches for 3D scene representation and generation commonly use 3D data structures or…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Mohammad Asim , Christopher Wewer , Jan Eric Lenssen
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