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Spiking neural networks (SNNs) have emerged as a promising alternative to artificial neural networks (ANNs), offering improved energy efficiency by leveraging sparse and event-driven computation. However, existing hardware implementations…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-09-19 Yuehai Chen , Farhad Merchant

By exploiting discrete signal processing and simulating brain neuron communication, Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) offer a low-energy alternative to Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs). However, existing SNN models, still face high…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-11-12 Wenxuan Pan , Feifei Zhao , Bing Han , Haibo Tong , Yi Zeng

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs), particularly Spiking Transformers, offer energy-efficient processing of event-based sensor data for healthcare applications. Yet current architectures are rigid: they are trained and deployed as static…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Alberto Ancilotto , Gianluca Amprimo , Stefano Di Carlo , Elisabetta Farella

Deep learning is widely applied to modern problems through neural networks, but the growing computational and energy demands of these models have driven interest in more efficient approaches. Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs), the third…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Mahitha Pulivathi , Ana Fontes Rodrigues , Isibor Kennedy Ihianle , Andreas Oikonomou , Srinivas Boppu , Pedro Machado

Neuromorphic hardware aims to leverage distributed computing and event-driven circuit design to achieve an energy-efficient AI system. The name "neuromorphic" is derived from its spiking and local computing nature, which mimics the…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Zhenhui Chen , Haoran Xu , Yangfan Hu , Xiaofei Jin , Xinyu Li , Ziyang Kang , Gang Pan , De Ma

Developing effective learning systems for Machine Learning (ML) applications in the Neuromorphic (NM) field requires extensive experimentation and simulation. Software frameworks aid and ease this process by providing a set of ready-to-use…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-02-16 Davide Liberato Manna , Alex Vicente-Sola , Paul Kirkland , Trevor Joseph Bihl , Gaetano Di Caterina

Brain-inspired spiking neural networks (SNNs) replace the multiply-accumulate operations of traditional neural networks by integrate-and-fire neurons, with the goal of achieving greater energy efficiency. Specialized hardware…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-05-10 Myat Thu Linn Aung , Daniel Gerlinghoff , Chuping Qu , Liwei Yang , Tian Huang , Rick Siow Mong Goh , Tao Luo , Weng-Fai Wong

Neuromorphic engineering concentrates the efforts of a large number of researchers due to its great potential as a field of research, in a search for the exploitation of the advantages of the biological nervous system and the brain as a…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2022-06-09 Alvaro Ayuso-Martinez , Daniel Casanueva-Morato , Juan P. Dominguez-Morales , Angel Jimenez-Fernandez , Gabriel Jimenez-Moreno

On-chip edge intelligence has necessitated the exploration of algorithmic techniques to reduce the compute requirements of current machine learning frameworks. This work aims to bridge the recent algorithmic progress in training Binary…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-28 Sen Lu , Abhronil Sengupta

This paper presents a comprehensive evaluation of Spiking Neural Network (SNN) neuron models for hardware acceleration by comparing event driven and clock-driven implementations. We begin our investigation in software, rapidly prototyping…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-12-24 Filippo Marostica , Alessio Carpegna , Alessandro Savino , Stefano Di Carlo

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) are widely regarded as a biologically-inspired and energy-efficient alternative to classical artificial neural networks. Yet, their theoretical foundations remain only partially understood. In this work, we…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-09-29 Umberto Biccari

The spiking neural network (SNN), as a promising brain-inspired computational model with binary spike information transmission mechanism, rich spatially-temporal dynamics, and event-driven characteristics, has received extensive attention.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-21 Yufei Guo , Xuhui Huang , Zhe Ma

Spiking neural networks are nature's versatile solution to fault-tolerant and energy efficient signal processing. To translate these benefits into hardware, a growing number of neuromorphic spiking neural network processors attempt to…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2019-05-06 Emre O. Neftci , Hesham Mostafa , Friedemann Zenke

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) are potential competitors to artificial neural networks (ANNs) due to their high energy-efficiency on neuromorphic hardware. However, SNNs are unfolded over simulation time steps during the training process.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-14 Hong Zhang , Yu Zhang

The deployment of Artificial Intelligence on edge devices (TinyML) is often constrained by the high power consumption and latency associated with traditional Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) and their reliance on intensive Matrix-Multiply…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Debabrata Das , Yogeeth G. K. , Arnav Gupta

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) provide an energy-efficient solution by utilizing the spike-based and sparse nature of biological systems. Since the advent of Transformers, SNNs have struggled to compete with artificial networks on long…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-10-24 Yan Zhong , Ruoyu Zhao , Chao Wang , Qinghai Guo , Jianguo Zhang , Zhichao Lu , Luziwei Leng

Photonic technologies offer great prospects for novel ultrafast, energy-efficient and hardware-friendly neuromorphic (brain-like) computing platforms. Moreover, neuromorphic photonic approaches based upon ubiquitous, technology-mature and…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2022-11-23 Dafydd Owen-Newns , Joshua Robertson , Matej Hejda , Antonio Hurtado

U-Net, known for its simple yet efficient architecture, is widely utilized for image processing tasks and is particularly suitable for deployment on neuromorphic chips. This paper introduces the novel concept of Spiking-UNet for image…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-04-12 Hebei Li , Yueyi Zhang , Zhiwei Xiong , Xiaoyan Sun

Brain-inspired learning models attempt to mimic the cortical architecture and computations performed in the neurons and synapses constituting the human brain to achieve its efficiency in cognitive tasks. In this work, we present…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2017-03-21 Priyadarshini Panda , Gopalakrishnan Srinivasan , Kaushik Roy

Neural networks have become the key technology of artificial intelligence and have contributed to breakthroughs in several machine learning tasks, primarily owing to advances in deep learning applied to Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs).…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2021-03-18 Stanisław Woźniak , Angeliki Pantazi , Thomas Bohnstingl , Evangelos Eleftheriou