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The CPT symmetry of relativistic quantum field theory requires the total lifetimes of particles and antiparticles be equal. Detection of pbar lifetime shorter than tau_p > O(10^32) yr would signal breakdown of CPT invariance, in combination…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-10-31 Dallas C. Kennedy

The strong equivalence principle, local Lorentz invariance and CPT symmetry are fundamental ingredients of the quantum field theories used to describe elementary particle physics. Nevertheless, each may be violated by simple modifications…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-11-10 Graham M. Shore

Applications of the general theory of quantum electrodynamics with Lorentz- and CPT-violating operators of mass dimensions up to six are presented to Penning-trap experiments comparing charge-to-mass ratios between particles and…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2020-09-16 Yunhua Ding , Mohammad Farhan Rawnak

In this review I classify the possible ways of CPT violation, and I describe briefly their phenomenology, in both terrestrial and astrophysical experiments, including antimatter factories, neutral mesons and neutrinos, and discuss the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2015-06-25 Nick E. Mavromatos

The CPT theorem states that a unitary and Lorentz-invariant theory must also be invariant under a discrete symmetry $\mathbf{CRT}$ which reverses charge, time, and one spatial direction. In this article, we study a $\mathbb{Z}_2 \times…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2026-02-18 Harry Goodhew , Ayngaran Thavanesan , Aron C. Wall

We provide a rigorous proof of the CPT theorem within the framework of 'Lagrangian' quantum field theory. This is in contrast to the usual rigorous proofs in purely axiomatic frameworks, and non-rigorous proof-sketches within the Lagrangian…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2014-03-25 Hilary Greaves , Teruji Thomas

In the literature the $CPT$ theorem has only been established for Hamiltonians that are Hermitian. Here we extend the $CPT$ theorem to quantum field theories with non-Hermitian Hamiltonians. Our derivation is a quite minimal one as it…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2016-11-08 Philip D. Mannheim

The Lorentz invariant $CPT$ violation by using non-local interactions is naturally incorporated in the Higgs coupling to neutrinos in the Standard Model, without spoiling the basic $SU(2)_{L}\times U(1)$ gauge symmetry. The…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2015-06-11 Masud Chaichian , Kazuo Fujikawa , Anca Tureanu

Symmetry transformations have been proven a bedrock tool for understanding the nature of particle interactions, formulating and testing fundamental theories. Based on the up to now unbroken CPT symmetry, the violation of the CP symmetry…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2015-06-23 J. Bernabeu , F. Martinez-Vidal

The current laws of physics do not explain the observed imbalance of matter and antimatter in the universe. Sakharov proposed that an explanation would require the violation of CP symmetry between matter and antimatter. The only CP…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2021-01-26 K. Abe , R. Akutsu , A. Ali , C. Alt , C. Andreopoulos , L. Anthony , M. Antonova , S. Aoki , A. Ariga , Y. Asada , Y. Ashida , E. T. Atkin , Y. Awataguchi , S. Ban , M. Barbi , G. J. Barker , G. Barr , C. Barry , M. Batkiewicz-Kwasniak , A. Beloshapkin , F. Bench , V. Berardi , S. Berkman , L. Berns , S. Bhadra , S. Bienstock , A. Blondel , S. Bolognesi , B. Bourguille , S. B. Boyd , D. Brailsford , A. Bravar , D. Bravo Berguño , C. Bronner , A. Bubak , M. Buizza Avanzini , J. Calcutt , T. Campbell , S. Cao , S. L. Cartwright , M. G. Catanesi , A. Cervera , A. Chappell , C. Checchia , D. Cherdack , N. Chikuma , G. Christodoulou , J. Coleman , G. Collazuol , L. Cook , D. Coplowe , A. Cudd , A. Dabrowska , G. De Rosa , T. Dealtry , P. F. Denner , S. R. Dennis , C. Densham , F. Di Lodovico , N. Dokania , S. Dolan , O. Drapier , J. Dumarchez , P. Dunne , L. Eklund , S. Emery-Schrenk , A. Ereditato , P. Fernandez , T. Feusels , A. J. Finch , G. A. Fiorentini , G. Fiorillo , C. Francois , M. Friend , Y. Fujii , R. Fujita , D. Fukuda , R. Fukuda , Y. Fukuda , K. Gameil , C. Giganti , T. Golan , M. Gonin , A. Gorin , M. Guigue , D. R. Hadley , J. T. Haigh , P. Hamacher-Baumann , M. Hartz , T. Hasegawa , N. C. Hastings , T. Hayashino , Y. Hayato , A. Hiramoto , M. Hogan , J. Holeczek , N. T. Hong Van , F. Iacob , A. K. Ichikawa , M. Ikeda , T. Ishida , T. Ishii , M. Ishitsuka , K. Iwamoto , A. Izmaylov , B. Jamieson , S. J. Jenkins , C. Jesús-Valls , M. Jiang , S. Johnson , P. Jonsson , C. K. Jung , M. Kabirnezhad , A. C. Kaboth , T. Kajita , H. Kakuno , J. Kameda , D. Karlen , S. P. Kasetti , Y. Kataoka , T. Katori , Y. Kato , E. Kearns , M. Khabibullin , A. Khotjantsev , T. Kikawa , H. Kim , J. Kim , S. King , J. Kisiel , A. Knight , A. Knox , T. Kobayashi , L. Koch , T. Koga , A. Konaka , L. L. Kormos , Y. Koshio , K. Kowalik , H. Kubo , Y. Kudenko , N. Kukita , S. Kuribayashi , R. Kurjata , T. Kutter , M. Kuze , L. Labarga , J. Lagoda , M. Lamoureux , M. Laveder , M. Lawe , M. Licciardi , T. Lindner , R. P. Litchfield , S. L. Liu , X. Li , A. Longhin , L. Ludovici , X. Lu , T. Lux , L. N. Machado , L. Magaletti , K. Mahn , M. Malek , S. Manly , L. Maret , A. D. Marino , J. F. Martin , T. Maruyama , T. Matsubara , K. Matsushita , V. Matveev , K. Mavrokoridis , E. Mazzucato , M. McCarthy , N. McCauley , K. S. McFarland , C. McGrew , A. Mefodiev , C. Metelko , M. Mezzetto , A. Minamino , O. Mineev , S. Mine , M. Miura , L. Molina Bueno , S. Moriyama , J. Morrison , Th. A. Mueller , L. Munteanu , S. Murphy , Y. Nagai , T. Nakadaira , M. Nakahata , Y. Nakajima , A. Nakamura , K. G. Nakamura , K. Nakamura , S. Nakayama , T. Nakaya , K. Nakayoshi , C. Nantais , T. V. Ngoc , K. Niewczas , K. Nishikawa , Y. Nishimura , T. S. Nonnenmacher , F. Nova , P. Novella , J. Nowak , J. C. Nugent , H. M. O'Keeffe , L. O'Sullivan , T. Odagawa , K. Okumura , T. Okusawa , S. M. Oser , R. A. Owen , Y. Oyama , V. Palladino , J. L. Palomino , V. Paolone , W. C. Parker , P. Paudyal , M. Pavin , D. Payne , G. C. Penn , L. Pickering , C. Pidcott , G. Pintaudi , E. S. Pinzon Guerra , C. Pistillo , B. Popov , K. Porwit , M. Posiadala-Zezula , A. Pritchard , B. Quilain , T. Radermacher , E. Radicioni , B. Radics , P. N. Ratoff , E. Reinherz-Aronis , C. Riccio , E. Rondio , S. Roth , A. Rubbia , A. C. Ruggeri , A. Rychter , K. Sakashita , F. Sánchez , C. M. Schloesser , K. Scholberg , J. Schwehr , M. Scott , Y. Seiya , T. Sekiguchi , H. Sekiya , D. Sgalaberna , R. Shah , A. Shaikhiev , F. Shaker , A. Shaykina , M. Shiozawa , W. Shorrock , A. Shvartsman , A. Smirnov , M. Smy , J. T. Sobczyk , H. Sobel , F. J. P. Soler , Y. Sonoda , J. Steinmann , S. Suvorov , A. Suzuki , S. Y. Suzuki , Y. Suzuki , A. A. Sztuc , M. Tada , M. Tajima , A. Takeda , Y. Takeuchi , H. K. Tanaka , H. A. Tanaka , S. Tanaka , L. F. Thompson , W. Toki , C. Touramanis , K. M. Tsui , T. Tsukamoto , M. Tzanov , Y. Uchida , W. Uno , M. Vagins , S. Valder , Z. Vallari , D. Vargas , G. Vasseur , C. Vilela , W. G. S. Vinning , T. Vladisavljevic , V. V. Volkov , T. Wachala , J. Walker , J. G. Walsh , Y. Wang , D. Wark , M. O. Wascko , A. Weber , R. Wendell , M. J. Wilking , C. Wilkinson , J. R. Wilson , R. J. Wilson , K. Wood , C. Wret , Y. Yamada , K. Yamamoto , C. Yanagisawa , G. Yang , T. Yano , K. Yasutome , S. Yen , N. Yershov , M. Yokoyama , T. Yoshida , M. Yu , A. Zalewska , J. Zalipska , K. Zaremba , G. Zarnecki , M. Ziembicki , E. D. Zimmerman , M. Zito , S. Zsoldos , A. Zykova

An interacting theory that violates CPT invariance necessarily violates Lorentz invariance. On the other hand, CPT invariance is not sufficient for out-of-cone Lorentz invariance. Theories that violate CPT by having different particle and…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2010-04-06 O. W. Greenberg

The largest gap in our understanding of nature at the fundamental level is perhaps a unified description of gravity and quantum theory. Although there are currently a variety of theoretical approaches to this question, experimental research…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2010-03-19 Ralf Lehnert

Motivated by string theory an extension of the Landau problem to quantum field theory is considered. We show that the commutator between momenta of the fields violates Lorentz and CPT invariance leading to an alternative method of…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-06-12 D. Carcamo , Ashok Das , J. Gamboa , M. Loewe

We propose that the state of the universe does {\it not} spontaneously violate CPT. Instead, the universe after the big bang is the CPT image of the universe before it, both classically and quantum mechanically. The pre- and post-bang…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2018-12-26 Latham Boyle , Kieran Finn , Neil Turok

Stability and causality are investigated for quantum field theories incorporating Lorentz and CPT violation. Explicit calculations in the quadratic sector of a general renormalizable lagrangian for a massive fermion reveal that no…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2008-11-26 Alan Kostelecky , Ralf Lehnert

CPT invariance in neutrino physics has attracted attention after the revival of the hypothetical idea that neutrino and antineutrino might have nonequal masses ($m_{\bar\nu} \neq m_{\nu}$) when realizing neutrino oscillations as a new…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2010-08-03 I. S. Tsukerman

Quantum field theory has been established on symmetries, but their fundamentality could be limited as practical calculations of physical observations are not based on interacting Lagrangian. The requirement of Lorentz invariance on vacuum…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2007-05-23 J. C. Yoon

We propose a novel model in which the Universe is created as a pair of coordinate-reversed counterparts, forming a globally CPT-symmetric system that permits local CPT violations within each sector. This framework naturally introduces a…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2026-04-30 M. M. Chaichian , M. Gogberashvili , M. N. Mnatsakanova , T. Tsiskaridze

We show that the diagonal matrix elements of the effective Hamiltonian governing the time evolution in the subspace of states of an unstable particle and its antiparticle need not be equal at $t > t_{0}$ ($t_{0}$ is the instant of creation…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2014-11-17 K. Urbanowski

Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen's paper in 1935 is discussed in parallel with an EPR experiment on $K^0\bar{K}^0$ system in 1998, yielding a strong hint of distinction in both wave-function and operators between particle and antiparticle at the…

General Physics · Physics 2012-07-24 Guang-jiong Ni , Suqing Chen , Jianjun Xu