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Counterfactual Regret Minimization (CFR) is an efficient no-regret learning algorithm for decision problems modeled as extensive games. CFR's regret bounds depend on the requirement of perfect recall: players always remember information…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2012-05-04 Marc Lanctot , Richard Gibson , Neil Burch , Martin Zinkevich , Michael Bowling

We study the performance of optimistic regret-minimization algorithms for both minimizing regret in, and computing Nash equilibria of, zero-sum extensive-form games. In order to apply these algorithms to extensive-form games, a…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2019-10-29 Gabriele Farina , Christian Kroer , Tuomas Sandholm

Under the uncoupled learning setup, the last-iterate convergence guarantee towards Nash equilibrium is shown to be impossible in many games. This work studies the last-iterate convergence guarantee in general games toward rationalizability,…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-12-27 Jibang Wu , Haifeng Xu , Fan Yao

Nash equilibrium is perhaps the best-known solution concept in game theory. Such a solution assigns a strategy to each player which offers no incentive to unilaterally deviate. While a Nash equilibrium is guaranteed to always exist, the…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-04-29 David Sychrovský , Christopher Solinas , Revan MacQueen , Kevin Wang , James R. Wright , Nathan R. Sturtevant , Michael Bowling

Understanding and predicting the behavior of large-scale multi-agents in games remains a fundamental challenge in multi-agent systems. This paper examines the role of heterogeneity in equilibrium formation by analyzing how smooth…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-07-24 Die Hu , Shuyue Hu , Chunjiang Mu , Shiqi Fan , Chen Chu , Jinzhuo Liu , Zhen Wang

Consider a scenario where a player chooses an action in each round $t$ out of $T$ rounds and observes the incurred cost after a delay of $d_{t}$ rounds. The cost functions and the delay sequence are chosen by an adversary. We show that in a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-16 Ilai Bistritz , Zhengyuan Zhou , Xi Chen , Nicholas Bambos , Jose Blanchet

Motivated by learning of correlated equilibria in non-cooperative games, we perform a large deviations analysis of a regret minimizing stochastic approximation algorithm. The regret minimization algorithm we consider comprises multiple…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-06-04 Hongjiang Qian , Vikram Krishnamurthy

This paper investigates a class of games with large strategy spaces, motivated by challenges in AI alignment and language games. We introduce the hidden game problem, where for each player, an unknown subset of strategies consistently…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Gon Buzaglo , Noah Golowich , Elad Hazan

We study the adaptive control of an unknown linear system with a quadratic cost function subject to safety constraints on both the states and actions. The challenges of this problem arise from the tension among safety, exploration,…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-11-02 Yingying Li , Subhro Das , Jeff Shamma , Na Li

We consider adaptive control of the Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR), where an unknown linear system is controlled subject to quadratic costs. Leveraging recent developments in the estimation of linear systems and in robust controller…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-05-25 Sarah Dean , Horia Mania , Nikolai Matni , Benjamin Recht , Stephen Tu

We address the problem of learning to control an unknown nonlinear dynamical system through sequential interactions. Motivated by high-stakes applications in which mistakes can be catastrophic, such as robotics and healthcare, we study…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-14 James Wang , Bruce D. Lee , Ingvar Ziemann , Nikolai Matni

Recent simultaneous works by Peng and Rubinstein [2024] and Dagan et al. [2024] have demonstrated the existence of a no-swap-regret learning algorithm that can reach $\epsilon$ average swap regret against an adversary in any extensive-form…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-06-21 Constantinos Daskalakis , Gabriele Farina , Noah Golowich , Tuomas Sandholm , Brian Hu Zhang

In many real-world scenarios, a team of agents coordinate with each other to compete against an opponent. The challenge of solving this type of game is that the team's joint action space grows exponentially with the number of agents, which…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-05-19 Shuxin Li , Youzhi Zhang , Xinrun Wang , Wanqi Xue , Bo An

In game-theoretic learning, several agents are simultaneously following their individual interests, so the environment is non-stationary from each player's perspective. In this context, the performance of a learning algorithm is often…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2021-10-19 Yu-Guan Hsieh , Kimon Antonakopoulos , Panayotis Mertikopoulos

We study dynamic regret minimization in unconstrained adversarial linear bandit problems. In this setting, a learner must minimize the cumulative loss relative to an arbitrary sequence of comparators…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Alberto Rumi , Andrew Jacobsen , Nicolò Cesa-Bianchi , Fabio Vitale

Regret Matching+ (RM+) and its variants are important algorithms for solving large-scale games. However, a theoretical understanding of their success in practice is still a mystery. Moreover, recent advances on fast convergence in games are…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-05-25 Gabriele Farina , Julien Grand-Clément , Christian Kroer , Chung-Wei Lee , Haipeng Luo

Hindsight rationality is an approach to playing general-sum games that prescribes no-regret learning dynamics for individual agents with respect to a set of deviations, and further describes jointly rational behavior among multiple agents…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2022-06-24 Dustin Morrill , Ryan D'Orazio , Marc Lanctot , James R. Wright , Michael Bowling , Amy Greenwald

Correlated equilibrium generalizes Nash equilibrium by allowing a central coordinator to guide players' actions through shared recommendations, similar to how routing apps guide drivers. We investigate how a coordinator can learn a…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Zhenlong Fang , Aryan Deshwal , Yue Yu

This work theoretically studies a ubiquitous reinforcement learning policy for controlling the canonical model of continuous-time stochastic linear-quadratic systems. We show that randomized certainty equivalent policy addresses the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-23 Mohamad Kazem Shirani Faradonbeh

The regret matching algorithm proposed by Sergiu Hart is one of the most powerful iterative methods in finding correlated equilibrium. However, it is possibly not efficient enough, especially in large scale problems. We first rewrite the…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2020-01-16 Dawen Wu