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GNSS receivers are vulnerable to jamming and spoofing attacks, and numerous such incidents have been reported worldwide in the last decade. It is important to detect attacks fast and localize attackers, which can be hard if not impossible…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-05-02 Glädje Karl Olsson , Erik Axell , Erik G. Larsson , Panos Papadimitratos

Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) provide standalone precise navigation for a wide gamut of applications. Nevertheless, applications or systems such as unmanned vehicles (aerial or ground vehicles and surface vessels) generally…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-27 Marco Spanghero , Panos Papadimitratos

The fifth-generation (5G) wireless communication is useful for positioning due to its large bandwidth and low cost. However, the presence of obstacles that block the line-of-sight (LOS) path between devices would affect localization…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-08-17 Jiankun Zhang , Hao Wang

GPS spoofing poses a growing threat to aviation by falsifying satellite signals and misleading aircraft navigation systems. This paper demonstrates a proof-of-concept spoofing detection strategy based on analyzing satellite Carrier-to-Noise…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Vienna Li , Justin Villa , Dan Diessner , Jayson Clifford , Laxima Niure Kandel

This paper presents an analysis and experimental demonstration of single-satellite single-pass geolocation of a terrestrial broadcast Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) spoofer from Low Earth Orbit (LEO). The proliferation of…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-25 Zachary L. Clements , Patrick B. Ellis , Iain Goodridge , Matthew J. Murrian , Mark L. Psiaki , Todd E. Humphreys

Multipath and non-line-of-sight (NLOS) signals are the major causes of poor accuracy of a global navigation satellite system (GNSS) in urban areas. Despite the wide usage of the GNSS in populated urban areas, it is difficult to suggest a…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-06-10 Yongjun Lee , Yoola Hwang , Jae Young Ahn , Jiwon Seo , Byungwoon Park

Global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) provide pervasive accurate positioning and timing services for a large gamut of applications, from Time based One-Time Passwords (TOPT), to power grid and cellular systems. However, there can be…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-02-23 K. Zhang , M. Spanghero , P. Papadimitratos

For high-level Autonomous Vehicles (AV), localization is highly security and safety critical. One direct threat to it is GPS spoofing, but fortunately, AV systems today predominantly use Multi-Sensor Fusion (MSF) algorithms that are…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-08-13 Junjie Shen , Jun Yeon Won , Zeyuan Chen , Qi Alfred Chen

LiDAR relocalization has attracted increasing attention as it can deliver accurate 6-DoF pose estimation in complex 3D environments. Recent learning-based regression methods offer efficient solutions by directly predicting global poses…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Jianshi Wu , Minghang Zhu , Dunqiang Liu , Wen Li , Sheng Ao , Siqi Shen , Chenglu Wen , Cheng Wang

In recent years, the fifth-generation (5G) new radio (NR) signals have emerged as a promising supplementary resource for urban navigation. However, a major challenge in utilizing 5G signals lies in their vulnerability to non-line-of-sight…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-02-26 Sijia Li , Sergio Vicenzo , Bing Xu

To safeguard Civilian Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) external information available to the platform encompassing the GNSS receiver can be used to detect attacks. Cross-checking the GNSS-provided time against alternative multiple…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-13 Marco Spanghero , Panos Papadimitratos

Real-world traffic involves diverse road users, ranging from pedestrians to heavy trucks, necessitating effective road user classification for various applications within Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS). Traditional approaches often…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Lennart Köpper , Thomas Wieland

In a spoofing attack, an attacker impersonates a legitimate user to access or tamper with data intended for or produced by the legitimate user. In wireless communication systems, these attacks may be detected by relying on features of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-09 Daniel Romero , Peter Gerstoft , Hadi Givehchian , Dinesh Bharadia

It is widely known that spoofing is a major threat that adversely impacts the reliability and accuracy of GNSS applications. In this study, a crowdsourcing double differential pseudorange spatial (D2SP) random set is constructed and the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-04-04 Xin Chen , Kai Wang

Global Positioning System (GPS) is used ubiquitously in a wide variety of applications ranging from navigation and tracking to modern smart grids and communication networks. However, it has been demonstrated that modern GPS receivers are…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2016-03-18 Aanjhan Ranganathan , Hildur Ólafsdóttir , Srdjan Capkun

In regions where global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) signals are unavailable, such as underground areas and tunnels, GNSS simulators can be deployed for transmitting simulated GNSS signals. Then, a GNSS receiver in the simulator…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-06-08 Woohyun Kim , Jiwon Seo

In this study, we propose an innovative method for the real-time detection of GPS spoofing attacks targeting drones, based on the video stream captured by a drone's camera. The proposed method collects frames from the video stream and their…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-01-04 Barak Davidovich , Ben Nassi , Yuval Elovici

The global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) play a vital role in transport systems for accurate and consistent vehicle localization. However, GNSS observations can be distorted due to multipath effects and non-line-of-sight (NLOS)…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-02-20 Haoming Zhang , Zhanxin Wang , Heike Vallery

Vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication is expected to be a prominent component of the sixth generation (6G) to accomplish intelligent transportation systems (ITS). Autonomous vehicles relying only on onboard sensors cannot bypass the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-02-02 Ali Krayani , Gabriele Barabino , Lucio Marcenaro , Carlo Regazzoni

5G and beyond cellular systems embrace the disaggregation of Radio Access Network (RAN) components, exemplified by the evolution of the fronthaul (FH) connection between cellular baseband and radio unit equipment. Crucially, synchronization…