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The theory of remote sensing shows that observing a planet at multiple phase angles ($\alpha$) is a powerful strategy to characterize its atmosphere. Here, we analyse how the information contained in reflected-starlight spectra of…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-11-24 Óscar Carrión-González , Antonio García Muñoz , Nuno C. Santos , Juan Cabrera , Szilárd Csizmadia , Heike Rauer

A space telescope capable of high-contrast imaging has been recognized as the avenue toward finding terrestrial planets around nearby Sun-like stars and characterizing their potential habitability. It is thus essential to quantify the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-06-01 Mario Damiano , Renyu Hu

The fine precision of photometric data available from missions like Kepler provide researchers with the ability to measure changes in light on the order of tens of parts per million (ppm). This level of precision allows researchers to…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-01-08 Jennifer L Carter

Ground-based observations of exoplanet eclipses provide important clues to the planets' atmospheric physics, yet systematics in light curve analyses are not fully understood. It is unknown if measurements suggesting near-infrared flux…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-15 Justin C. Rogers , Mercedes Lopez-Morales , Daniel Apai , Elisabeth Adams

Mass and radius are two fundamental properties for characterising exoplanets, but only for a relatively small fraction of exoplanets are they both available. Mass is often derived from radial velocity measurements, while the radius is…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-10-09 S. Ulmer-Moll , N. C. Santos , P. Figueira , J. Brinchmann , J. P. Faria

We propose a new parametrization of the impact parameter u0 and impact angle {\alpha} for microlensing systems composed by an Earth-like Exoplanet around a Solar mass Star at 1 AU. We present the caustic topology of such system, as well as…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-10-17 L. de Almeida , J. -D. do Nascimento

It has been shown that spectroscopy of transiting extrasolar planets can potentially provide a wealth of information about their atmospheres. Herein, we set up the inverse problem in spectroscopic retrieval. We use non-linear optimal…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-03 M. R. Line , X. Zhang , G. Vaisht , P. Chen , V. Natraj , P. Chen , Y. L. Yung

The distribution of instellation at the top of a planet's atmosphere or surface is usually calculated using the inverse-square law of radiation. This is based on the assumption that the host star is far enough to be considered a point-sized…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-03-23 Mradumay Sadh

We present a mathematical method to statistically decouple the effects of unknown inclination angles on the mass distribution of exoplanets that have been discovered using radial-velocity techniques. The method is based on the distribution…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-05 S. Lopez , J. S. Jenkins

In this paper a homomorphic filtering scheme is proposed to improve the estimation of the planet/star radius ratio in astronomical transit signals. The idea is to reduce the effect of the short-term earth atmosphere variations. A two-step…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2017-10-03 Rodrigo Mahu , Patricio Rojo , Ali Dehghan Firoozabadi , Ismael Soto , Elyar Sedaghati , Nestor Becerra Yoma

The probability of the detection of Earth-like exoplanets may increase in the near future after the launch of the space missions using the transit photometry as observation method. By using this technique only the semi-major axis of the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-11 Zsolt Sandor

The light curve of an exoplanetary transit can be used to estimate the planetary radius and other parameters of interest. Because accurate parameter estimation is a non-analytic and computationally intensive problem, it is often useful to…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Joshua A. Carter , Jennifer C. Yee , Jason Eastman , B. Scott Gaudi , Joshua N. Winn

The search for exoplanets is an active field in astronomy, with direct imaging as one of the most challenging methods due to faint exoplanet signals buried within stronger residual starlight. Successful detection requires advanced image…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-03-24 Théo Bodrito , Olivier Flasseur , Julien Mairal , Jean Ponce , Maud Langlois , Anne-Marie Lagrange

Mapping exoplanets across phases and during secondary eclipse is a powerful technique for characterizing Hot Jupiters in emission. Since these planets are expected to rotate about axes normal to their orbital planes, with rotation periods…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-09-20 Arthur Adams , Emily Rauscher

Future space telescopes may be able to directly image $\sim$10 - 100 planets with sizes and orbits consistent with habitable surface conditions ("exo-Earth candidates" or EECs), but observers will face difficulty in distinguishing these…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-02-27 Alex Bixel , Dániel Apai

An exoplanet's optical phase curve constrains the thermal emission and albedo of the planet's surface and/or atmosphere, as well as potentially constraining the mass via gravitational influences on the host star. Recently, Jansen & Kipping…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-05-14 David Kipping , Emily Sandford , Tiffany Jansen

Direct imaging is a powerful exoplanet discovery technique that is complementary to other techniques and offers great promise in the era of 30 meter class telescopes. Space-based transit surveys have revolutionized our understanding of the…

We use Monte Carlo simulations to estimate the number of extrasolar planets that are directly detectable in the solar-neighborhood using current and forthcoming high-contrast imaging instruments. Our calculations take into account the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-27 Justin R. Crepp , John Asher Johnson

High-precision exoplanet eclipse light curves, like those possible with JWST, enable flux and temperature mapping of exoplanet atmospheres. These eclipse maps will have unprecedented precision, providing an opportunity to constrain current…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-09-12 Ryan C. Challener , Emily Rauscher

We investigate potential biases in the measurements of exoplanet orbital parameters obtained from radial velocity observations for single-planet systems. We create a mock catalog of radial velocity data, choosing input planet masses,…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-19 Nadia L. Zakamska , Margaret Pan , Eric B. Ford