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This paper explores how zero-knowledge proofs can enhance Bitcoin's functionality and privacy. First, we consider Proof-of-Reserve schemes: by using zk-STARKs, a custodian can prove its Bitcoin holdings are more than a predefined threshold…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-30 Yusuf Ozmiş

Zero-knowledge proofs (ZKPs) enable computational integrity and privacy by allowing one party to prove the truth of a statement without revealing underlying data. Compared with alternatives such as homomorphic encryption and secure…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Ryan Lavin , Xuekai Liu , Hardhik Mohanty , Logan Norman , Giovanni Zaarour , Bhaskar Krishnamachari

Blockchain offers traceability and transparency to supply chain event data and hence can help overcome many challenges in supply chain management such as: data integrity, provenance and traceability. However, data privacy concerns such as…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-04-30 Sidra Malik , Volkan Dedeoglu , Salil Kanhere , Raja Jurdak

In the context of cloud computing, services are held on cloud servers, where the clients send their data to the server and obtain the results returned by server. However, the computation, data and results are prone to tampering due to the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-17 Yancheng Zhang , Mengxin Zheng , Xun Chen , Jingtong Hu , Weidong Shi , Lei Ju , Yan Solihin , Qian Lou

Zero-knowledge proof (ZKP) frameworks have the potential to revolutionize the handling of sensitive data in various domains. However, deploying ZKP frameworks with real-world data presents several challenges, including scalability,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-07-14 Piergiuseppe Mallozzi

Zero-knowledge proofs (ZKPs) have emerged as a promising solution to address the scalability challenges in modern blockchain systems. This study proposes a methodology for generating and verifying ZKPs to ensure the computational integrity…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Oleksandr Kuznetsov , Anton Yezhov , Vladyslav Yusiuk , Kateryna Kuznetsova

Privacy-preserving computation (PPC) methods, such as secure multiparty computation (MPC) and homomorphic encryption (HE), are deployed increasingly often to guarantee data confidentiality in computations over private, distributed data.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-04-17 Tariq Bontekoe , Dimka Karastoyanova , Fatih Turkmen

Protecting secrets is a key challenge in our contemporary information-based era. In common situations, however, revealing secrets appears unavoidable, for instance, when identifying oneself in a bank to retrieve money. In turn, this may…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-02-17 Pouriya Alikhani , Nicolas Brunner , Claude Crépeau , Sébastien Designolle , Raphaël Houlmann , Weixu Shi , Nan Yang , Hugo Zbinden

We propose a middleware solution designed to facilitate seamless integration of privacy using zero-knowledge proofs within various multi-chain protocols, encompassing domains such as DeFi, gaming, social networks, DAOs, e-commerce, and the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Amit Chaudhary

Privacy concerns in machine learning systems have grown significantly with the increasing reliance on sensitive user data for training large-scale models. This paper introduces a novel framework combining Probably Approximately Correct…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Guilhem Repetto , Nojan Sheybani , Gabrielle De Micheli , Farinaz Koushanfar

The developed system aims to incorporate a private blockchain technology in the procurement process for the supply office. The procurement process includes the canvassing, purchasing, delivery and inspection of items, inventory, and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-07-15 Alonel A. Hugo , Gerard Nathaniel C. Ngo

Blockchains provide environments where parties can interact transparently and securely peer-to-peer without needing a trusted third party. Parties can trust the integrity and correctness of transactions and the verifiable execution of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-03-02 Simon Tschirner , Shashank Shekher Tripathi , Mathias Roeper , Markus M. Becker , Volker Skwarek

Ensuring the integrity of business processes without disclosing confidential business information is a major challenge in inter-organizational processes. This paper introduces a zero-knowledge proof (ZKP)-based approach for the verifiable…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-09-25 Jannis Kiesel , Jonathan Heiss

In this literature review, we first briefly provide an introduction on the privacy aspect of blockchain systems and why it is a difficult quality to achieve, especially using traditional methods. Next, we go over a wide range of different…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-09-28 Jad Wahab

Among the now numerous alternative cryptocurrencies derived from Bitcoin, Zcash is often touted as the one with the strongest anonymity guarantees, due to its basis in well-regarded cryptographic research. In this paper, we examine the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-05-09 George Kappos , Haaroon Yousaf , Mary Maller , Sarah Meiklejohn

Zero-knowledge proofs (ZKPs) are an emerging technology that has become the solution to efficiently provide security and privacy along with the transparency requirement of blockchains. ZKPs are usually expressed by means of arithmetic…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Miguel Isabel , Enric Rodríguez-Carbonell , Clara Rodríguez-Núñez , Albert Rubio

The modern integrated circuit ecosystem is increasingly reliant on third-party intellectual property integration, which introduces security risks, including hardware Trojans and security vulnerabilities. Addressing the resulting trust…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Sirui Shen , Zunchen Huang , Chenglu Jin

Private blockchain networks are used by enterprises to manage decentralized processes without trusted mediators and without exposing their assets publicly on an open network like Ethereum. Yet external parties that cannot join such networks…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-01-26 Dushyant Behl , Palanivel Kodeswaran , Venkatraman Ramakrishna , Sayandeep Sen , Dhinakaran Vinayagamurthy

The trade-off of secrecy is the difficulty of verification. This trade-off means that contracts must be kept private, yet their compliance needs to be verified, which we call the secrecy-verifiability paradox. However, the existing smart…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-12-06 Ha-Thanh Nguyen

Zero-Knowledge Proofs (ZKPs) are a cryptographic primitive that allows a prover to demonstrate knowledge of a secret value to a verifier without revealing anything about the secret itself. ZKPs have shown to be an extremely powerful tool,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Nojan Sheybani , Anees Ahmed , Michel Kinsy , Farinaz Koushanfar
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