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In this paper we develop a generalized formalism for equilibrium thermodynamic systems when an information is shared between the system and the reservoir. The information results in a correction to the entropy of the system. This extension…
This paper describes the impedance spectroscopy adapted for analysis of small electrochemical changes in fluids. To increase accuracy of measurements the differential approach with temperature stabilization of fluid samples and electronics…
Electrostatic interactions in polymeric systems are responsible for a wide range of liquid-liquid phase transitions that are of importance for biology and materials science. Such transitions are referred to as complex coacervation, and…
Electrochemical hybrid battery models have major potential to enable advanced physics-based control, diagnostic, and prognostic features for next-generation lithium-ion battery management systems. This is due to the physical significance of…
We study Coulomb drag between an active layer with a clean electron liquid and a passive layer with a pinned electron lattice in the regime of fast intralayer equilibration. Such a two-fluid system offers an experimentally realizable way to…
Electric field produced inside a solute by a uniformly polarized liquid is strongly affected by dipolar polarization of the liquid at the interface. We show, by numerical simulations, that the electric "cavity" field inside a hydrated…
We suggest that it might be possible to trap the electron in a cavity of a macrocycle molecule, in the same way this trapping occurs cooperatively, by several solvent molecules, in hydroxylic liquids. Such an encapsulated electron is a…
The development of new electrolyte solutions with improved characteristics is a key challenge for creating high-performance batteries, fuel cells, supercapacitors, and other electrochemical devices. The study of the potential energy…
The thermodynamic equilibrium condition for a static self-gravitating fluid in the Einstein theory is defined by the Tolman-Ehrenfest temperature law, $T{\sqrt {g_{00}(x^{i})}} = constant$, according to which the proper temperature depends…
Ultrafast spectroscopy is an emerging technique with great promise in the study of quantum materials, as it makes it possible to track similarities and correlations that are not evident near equilibrium. Thus far, however, the way in which…
The current-carrying steady-state that arises in the middle of a metallic wire connected to macroscopic leads is characterized regarding its response functions, correlations and entanglement entropy. The spectral function and the dynamical…
Accurate state of temperature (SOT) estimation for batteries is crucial for regulating their temperature within a desired range to ensure safe operation and optimal performance. The existing measurement-based methods often generate noisy…
Electrochemistry is the underlying mechanism in a variety of energy conversion and storage systems, and it is well known that the composition, structure, and properties of electrochemical materials near active interfaces often deviates…
The feature of interaction electrons with neutral matter attracts large attention of physicists many directions. The exchange interaction in particular leads to creating of bubbles - spherical cavities with electron in center. Good object…
We reveal a wealth of nonlinear and recoil effects in the interaction between individual low-energy electrons and samples comprising a discrete number of states. Adopting a quantum theoretical description of combined free-electron and…
We study an ideal-gas-like model where the particles exchange energy stochastically, through energy conserving scattering processes, which take place if and only if at least one of the two particles has energy below a certain energy…
Liquid-liquid phase separation has emerged as one of the important paradigms in the chemical physics as well as biophysics of charged macromolecular systems. We elucidate an equilibrium phase separation mechanism based on charge regulation,…
Solid-state electrolytes have the potential to stabilize lithium metal anodes, which hold the promise to increase the energy density of lithium-ion batteries. However, lithium metal dendrites that occur locally at the solid-solid interface…
The solvated electron represents an elementary quantum system in a liquid environment. Electrons solvated in water have raised strong interest because of their prototypical properties, their role in radiation chemistry, and their relevance…
Using time-dependent density-functional theory, we investigate the electronic stopping power of self-irradiated silicon through non-adiabatic dynamics simulations. For specific velocities above 0.6 atom units, electronic stopping shows a…