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Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) has gained significant interest in recent years, enabling sequential decision-making across multiple agents in various domains. However, most existing explanation methods focus on centralized MARL,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-14 Kayla Boggess , Sarit Kraus , Lu Feng

The rapid advances of multimodal agents built on large foundation models have largely overlooked their potential for language-based communication between agents in collaborative tasks. This oversight presents a critical gap in understanding…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-17 Timothy Ossowski , Danyal Maqbool , Jixuan Chen , Zefan Cai , Tyler Bradshaw , Junjie Hu

Multi-agent systems (MAS) decompose complex tasks and delegate subtasks to different large language model (LLM) agents and tools. Prior studies have reported the superior accuracy performance of MAS across diverse domains, enabled by…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Mingyan Gao , Yanzi Li , Banruo Liu , Yifan Yu , Phillip Wang , Ching-Yu Lin , Fan Lai

Recent work, spanning from autonomous vehicle coordination to in-space assembly, has shown the importance of learning collaborative behavior for enabling robots to achieve shared goals. A common approach for learning this cooperative…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Kartik Nagpal , Dayi Dong , Jean-Baptiste Bouvier , Negar Mehr

Current approaches to multi-agent cooperation rely heavily on centralized mechanisms or explicit communication protocols to ensure convergence. This paper studies the problem of distributed multi-agent learning without resorting to…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Caroline Wang , Ishan Durugkar , Elad Liebman , Peter Stone

Multi-agent artificial intelligence systems or MAS are systems of autonomous agents that exercise delegated tool authority, share persistent memory, and coordinate via inter-agent communication. MAS introduces qualitatively distinct…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Tam Nguyen , Moses Ndebugre , Dheeraj Arremsetty

Unsupervised skill discovery drives intelligent agents to explore the unknown environment without task-specific reward signal, and the agents acquire various skills which may be useful when the agents adapt to new tasks. In this paper, we…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2020-06-09 Shuncheng He , Jianzhun Shao , Xiangyang Ji

Cooperation in multi-agent learning (MAL) is a topic at the intersection of numerous disciplines, including game theory, economics, social sciences, and evolutionary biology. Research in this area aims to understand both how agents can…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2023-12-11 Yali Du , Joel Z. Leibo , Usman Islam , Richard Willis , Peter Sunehag

We consider the problem of how to design large decentralized multi-agent systems (MAS's) in an automated fashion, with little or no hand-tuning. Our approach has each agent run a reinforcement learning algorithm. This converts the problem…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2007-05-23 David H. Wolpert , Kevin R. Wheeler , Kagan Tumer

Robust coordination skills enable agents to operate cohesively in shared environments, together towards a common goal and, ideally, individually without hindering each other's progress. To this end, this paper presents Coordinated QMIX…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-25 Giovanni Minelli , Mirco Musolesi

Multi-agent applications have recently gained significant popularity. In many computer vision tasks, a network of agents, such as a team of robots with cameras, could work collaboratively to perceive the environment for efficient and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-30 Shuyue Lan , Zhilu Wang , Ermin Wei , Amit K. Roy-Chowdhury , Qi Zhu

This paper proposes a novel problem: vision-based perception to learn and predict the collective dynamics of multi-agent systems, specifically focusing on interaction strength and convergence time. Multi-agent systems are defined as…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2024-11-12 Minah Lee , Uday Kamal , Saibal Mukhopadhyay

Full parameter sharing is standard in cooperative multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) for homogeneous agents. Under permutation-symmetric observations, however, a shared deterministic policy outputs identical action distributions for…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Rohan Patil , Jai Malegaonkar , Henrik I. Christensen

Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) has gained significant traction for solving complex real-world tasks, but the inherent stochasticity and uncertainty in these environments pose substantial challenges to efficient and robust policy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Somnath Hazra , Pallab Dasgupta , Soumyajit Dey

Training agents in multi-agent competitive games presents significant challenges due to their intricate nature. These challenges are exacerbated by dynamics influenced not only by the environment but also by opponents' strategies. Existing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-22 The Viet Bui , Tien Mai , Thanh Hong Nguyen

We study the multi-agent safe control problem where agents should avoid collisions to static obstacles and collisions with each other while reaching their goals. Our core idea is to learn the multi-agent control policy jointly with learning…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2021-04-20 Zengyi Qin , Kaiqing Zhang , Yuxiao Chen , Jingkai Chen , Chuchu Fan

In the context of multi-agent reinforcement learning, generalization is a challenge to solve various tasks that may require different joint policies or coordination without relying on policies specialized for each task. We refer to this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Hyungho Na , Kwanghyeon Lee , Sumin Lee , Il-Chul Moon

Many real-world tasks involve multiple agents with partial observability and limited communication. Learning is challenging in these settings due to local viewpoints of agents, which perceive the world as non-stationary due to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-05-23 Shayegan Omidshafiei , Jason Pazis , Christopher Amato , Jonathan P. How , John Vian

Modeling multi-agent systems requires understanding how agents interact. Such systems are often difficult to model because they can involve a variety of types of interactions that layer together to drive rich social behavioral dynamics.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-26 Fan-Yun Sun , Isaac Kauvar , Ruohan Zhang , Jiachen Li , Mykel Kochenderfer , Jiajun Wu , Nick Haber

Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) has shown clear effectiveness in coordinating multiple agents across simulated benchmarks and constrained scenarios. However, its deployment in real-world multi-agent systems (MAS) remains limited,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Siyi Hu , Mohamad A Hady , Jianglin Qiao , Jimmy Cao , Mahardhika Pratama , Ryszard Kowalczyk