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The relationship of comments to code, and in particular, the task of generating useful comments given the code, has long been of interest. The earliest approaches have been based on strong syntactic theories of comment-structures, and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-10-06 David Gros , Hariharan Sezhiyan , Prem Devanbu , Zhou Yu

Code comments can help in program comprehension and are considered as important artifacts to help developers in software maintenance. However, the comments are mostly missing or are outdated, specially in complex software projects. As a…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-03-22 Ramin Shahbazi , Rishab Sharma , Fatemeh H. Fard

Recently, automatic code comment generation is proposed to facilitate program comprehension. Existing code comment generation techniques focus on describing the functionality of the source code. However, there are other aspects such as…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2018-07-09 Mohammad Masudur Rahman , Chanchal K. Roy , Iman Keivanloo

Large language models have demonstrated great potential to assist programmers in generating code. For such human-AI pair programming scenarios, we empirically demonstrate that while generated code is most often evaluated in terms of their…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-06-14 Victor Dibia , Adam Fourney , Gagan Bansal , Forough Poursabzi-Sangdeh , Han Liu , Saleema Amershi

We introduce the Constructive Comments Corpus (C3), comprised of 12,000 annotated news comments, intended to help build new tools for online communities to improve the quality of their discussions. We define constructive comments as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-08-06 Varada Kolhatkar , Nithum Thain , Jeffrey Sorensen , Lucas Dixon , Maite Taboada

Qualitative analysis is critical to understanding human datasets in many social science disciplines. A central method in this process is inductive coding, where researchers identify and interpret codes directly from the datasets themselves.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-21 John Chen , Alexandros Lotsos , Sihan Cheng , Caiyi Wang , Lexie Zhao , Yanjia Zhang , Jessica Hullman , Bruce Sherin , Uri Wilensky , Michael Horn

Context: Code reviews are essential for maintaining software quality, yet many human review comments suffer from issues such as redundancy, vagueness, or lack of constructiveness. These types of comments may slow down feedback and obscure…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Semih Çağlar , Şükrü Eren Gökırmak , Eray Tüzün

Code comment generation techniques aim to generate natural language descriptions for source code. There are two orthogonal approaches for this task, i.e., information retrieval (IR) based and neural-based methods. Recent studies have…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-07-28 Huang Yuchao , Wei Moshi , Wang Song , Wang Junjie , Wang Qing

Code comments serve a crucial role in software development for documenting functionality, clarifying design choices, and assisting with issue tracking. They capture developers' insights about the surrounding source code, serving as an…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Thomas Borsani , Andrea Rosani , Giuseppe Di Fatta

Context: In collaborative software development, the peer code review process proves beneficial only when the reviewers provide useful comments. Objective: This paper investigates the usefulness of Code Review Comments (CR comments) through…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-02-28 Sharif Ahmed , Nasir U. Eisty

Code comment generation is the task of generating a high-level natural language description for a given code method or function. Although researchers have been studying multiple ways to generate code comments automatically, previous work…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-21 Rishab Sharma , Fuxiang Chen , Fatemeh Fard

Code review is a standard practice for ensuring the quality of software projects, and recent research has focused extensively on automated code review. While significant advancements have been made in generating code reviews, the automated…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-01-10 Yanjie Jiang , Hui Liu , Tianyi Chen , Fu Fan , Chunhao Dong , Kui Liu , Lu Zhang

Large Language Models (LLMs) typically excel at coding tasks involving high-level programming languages, as opposed to lower-level programming languages, such as assembly. We propose a synthetic data generation method named C-ing Clearly,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-17 Teodor Poncu , Ioana Pintilie , Marius Dragoi , Dragos Tantaru , Florin Brad

Pre-trained code models rely heavily on high-quality pre-training data, particularly human-written reference comments that bridge code and natural language. However, these comments often become outdated as software evolves, degrading model…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Kang Yang , Xinjun Mao , Shangwen Wang , Yanlin Wang , Tanghaoran Zhang , Bo Lin , Yihao Qin , Zhang Zhang , Yao Lu , Kamal Al-Sabahi

Comment updating is an emerging task in software evolution that aims to automatically revise source code comments in accordance with code changes. This task plays a vital role in maintaining code-comment consistency throughout software…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-12-11 Qingyuan Liang , Zeyu Sun , Qihao Zhu , Junhao Hu , Yifan Zhao , Yakun Zhang , Lu Zhang

Code comments are a key resource for information about software artefacts. Depending on the use case, only some types of comments are useful. Thus, automatic approaches to classify these comments have been proposed. In this work, we address…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-03-08 Ali Al-Kaswan , Maliheh Izadi , Arie van Deursen

In highly competitive software markets, user experience (UX) evaluation is crucial for ensuring software quality and fostering long-term product success. Such UX evaluations typically combine quantitative metrics from standardized…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Sandra Loop , Erik Bertram , Sebastian Juhl , Martin Schrepp

Understanding binary code is an essential but complex software engineering task for reverse engineering, malware analysis, and compiler optimization. Unlike source code, binary code has limited semantic information, which makes it…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-10-12 Yifan Zhang

Code comments are important in software development because they directly influence software maintainability and overall quality. Bad practices of code comments lead to code comment smells, negatively impacting software maintenance. Recent…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-09-01 Ipek Oztas , U Boran Torun , Eray Tüzün

Appropriate comments of code snippets provide insight for code functionality, which are helpful for program comprehension. However, due to the great cost of authoring with the comments, many code projects do not contain adequate comments.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-11-28 Wenhao Zheng , Hong-Yu Zhou , Ming Li , Jianxin Wu