English

Large Language Models are Qualified Benchmark Builders: Rebuilding Pre-Training Datasets for Advancing Code Intelligence Tasks

Software Engineering 2025-04-29 v1 Computation and Language

Abstract

Pre-trained code models rely heavily on high-quality pre-training data, particularly human-written reference comments that bridge code and natural language. However, these comments often become outdated as software evolves, degrading model performance. Large language models (LLMs) excel at generating high-quality code comments. We investigate whether replacing human-written comments with LLM-generated ones improves pre-training datasets. Since standard metrics cannot assess reference comment quality, we propose two novel reference-free evaluation tasks: code-comment inconsistency detection and semantic code search. Results show that LLM-generated comments are more semantically consistent with code than human-written ones, as confirmed by manual evaluation. Leveraging this finding, we rebuild the CodeSearchNet dataset with LLM-generated comments and re-pre-train CodeT5. Evaluations demonstrate that models trained on LLM-enhanced data outperform those using original human comments in code summarization, generation, and translation tasks. This work validates rebuilding pre-training datasets with LLMs to advance code intelligence, challenging the traditional reliance on human reference comments.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2504.19444,
  title  = {Large Language Models are Qualified Benchmark Builders: Rebuilding Pre-Training Datasets for Advancing Code Intelligence Tasks},
  author = {Kang Yang and Xinjun Mao and Shangwen Wang and Yanlin Wang and Tanghaoran Zhang and Bo Lin and Yihao Qin and Zhang Zhang and Yao Lu and Kamal Al-Sabahi},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2504.19444},
  year   = {2025}
}

Comments

Awarded the ACM SIGSOFT Distinguished Paper Award in ICPC 2025

R2 v1 2026-06-28T23:13:13.923Z