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Post-training quantization (PTQ) offers an efficient approach to compressing large language models (LLMs), significantly reducing memory access and computational costs. Existing compensation-based weight calibration methods often rely on a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Xingyu Zheng , Haotong Qin , Yuye Li , Haoran Chu , Jiakai Wang , Jinyang Guo , Michele Magno , Xianglong Liu

The rapid progress of Large Language Models (LLMs) has brought substantial computational and memory demands, spurring the adoption of low-bit quantization. While 8-bit and 4-bit formats have become prevalent, extending quantization to 2…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Jiayi Chen , Jieqi Shi , Jing Huo , Chen Wu

Mixture-of-Experts(MoE) Vision-Language Models (VLMs) offer remarkable performance but incur prohibitive memory and computational costs, making compression essential. Post-Training Quantization (PTQ) is an effective training-free technique…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Guangshuo Qin , Zhiteng Li , Zheng Chen , Weihang Zhang , Linghe Kong , Yulun Zhang

This paper introduces a post-training quantization~(PTQ) method achieving highly efficient Convolutional Neural Network~ (CNN) quantization with high performance. Previous PTQ methods usually reduce compression error via performing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-01-19 Chen Lin , Zheyang Li , Bo Peng , Haoji Hu , Wenming Tan , Ye Ren , Shiliang Pu

Large Language Models (LLMs) excel in NLP, but their demands hinder their widespread deployment. While Quantization-Aware Training (QAT) offers a solution, its extensive training costs make Post-Training Quantization (PTQ) a more practical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-09 Jing Liu , Ruihao Gong , Xiuying Wei , Zhiwei Dong , Jianfei Cai , Bohan Zhuang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive performance on a range of Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks. Unfortunately, the immense amount of computations and memory accesses required for LLM training makes them…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-10 Guo Yang , Daniel Lo , Robert Mullins , Yiren Zhao

Post-training quantization (PTQ) has emerged as a promising technique for mitigating memory consumption and computational costs in large language models (LLMs). However, a systematic examination of various quantization schemes, model…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-29 Zhewei Yao , Xiaoxia Wu , Cheng Li , Stephen Youn , Yuxiong He

In recent years, compression of large language models (LLMs) has emerged as an important problem to enable language model deployment on resource-constrained devices, reduce computational costs, and mitigate the environmental footprint of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-04 Sean I. Young

Large Language Models (LLMs) have been extensively researched and used in both academia and industry since the rise in popularity of the Transformer model, which demonstrates excellent performance in AI. However, the computational demands…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-06 Jiedong Lang , Zhehao Guo , Shuyu Huang

Post-training Quantization (PTQ) technique has been extensively adopted for large language models (LLMs) compression owing to its efficiency and low resource requirement. However, current research lacks a in-depth analysis of the superior…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Jiaqi Zhao , Ming Wang , Miao Zhang , Yuzhang Shang , Xuebo Liu , Yaowei Wang , Min Zhang , Liqiang Nie

Large language models (LLMs) show great performance in various tasks, but face deployment challenges from limited memory capacity and bandwidth. Low-bit weight quantization can save memory and accelerate inference. Although floating-point…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-06 Yijia Zhang , Sicheng Zhang , Shijie Cao , Dayou Du , Jianyu Wei , Ting Cao , Ningyi Xu

Post-Training Quantization (PTQ) is crucial for efficient model deployment, yet its effectiveness on Ascend NPU remains under-explored compared to GPU architectures. This paper presents a case study of representative PTQ baselines applied…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-23 Yuchen Luo , Fangyue Zhu , Ruining Zhou , Mingzhe Huang , Jian Zhu , Fanyu Fan , Wei Shao

Quantization and fine-tuning are crucial for deploying large language models (LLMs) on resource-constrained edge devices. However, fine-tuning quantized models presents significant challenges, primarily stemming from: First, the mismatch in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Junyu Chen , Junzhuo Li , Zhen Peng , Wenjie Wang , Yuxiang Ren , Long Shi , Xuming Hu

Large language models (LLMs) deliver strong performance, but their high compute and memory costs make deployment difficult in resource-constrained scenarios. Weight-only post-training quantization (PTQ) is appealing, as it reduces memory…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-09 Xianglong Yan , ChengZhu Bao , Zhiteng Li , Tianao Zhang , Shaoqiu Zhang , Ruobing Xie , Samm Sun , Yulun Zhang

The emergence of accurate open large language models (LLMs) has led to a race towards performant quantization techniques which can enable their execution on end-user devices. In this paper, we revisit the problem of "extreme" LLM…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-12 Vage Egiazarian , Andrei Panferov , Denis Kuznedelev , Elias Frantar , Artem Babenko , Dan Alistarh

Operating deep neural networks on devices with limited resources requires the reduction of their memory footprints and computational requirements. In this paper we introduce a training method, called look-up table quantization, LUT-Q, which…

Large Language Models (LLMs) face significant deployment challenges due to their substantial memory requirements and the computational demands of auto-regressive text generation process. This paper addresses these challenges by focusing on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-21 Yuxuan Yue , Zhihang Yuan , Haojie Duanmu , Sifan Zhou , Jianlong Wu , Liqiang Nie

1-bit LLM quantization offers significant advantages in reducing storage and computational costs. However, existing methods typically train 1-bit LLMs from scratch, failing to fully leverage pre-trained models. This results in high training…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Zhijun Tu , Jian Li , Yuanyuan Xi , Siqi Liu , Chuanjian Liu , Hanting Chen , Jie Hu , Yunhe Wang

Large language models (LLMs) deliver impressive results for a variety of tasks, but state-of-the-art systems require fast GPUs with large amounts of memory. To reduce both the memory and latency of these systems, practitioners quantize…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-22 Gautom Das , Vincent La , Ethan Lau , Abhinav Shrivastava , Matthew Gwilliam

Post-training quantization has emerged as the most widely used strategy for deploying large language models at low precision. Still, current methods show perplexity degradation at bit-widths less than or equal to 4, partly because…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Lorenz K. Müller , Philippe Bich , Jiawei Zhuang , Ahmet Çelik , Luca Benfenati , Lukas Cavigelli
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