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Large language models demonstrate exceptional performance in simple code generation tasks but still face challenges in tackling complex problems. These challenges may stem from insufficient reasoning and problem decomposition capabilities.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-12 Bin Xu , Yiguan Lin , Yinghao Li , Yang Gao

Large Language Models (LLMs) show promise in code generation tasks. However, their code-writing abilities are often limited in scope: while they can successfully implement simple functions, they struggle with more complex tasks. A…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-07-30 Jialin Song , Jonathan Raiman , Bryan Catanzaro

Recent Large Language Models (LLMs) have significantly advanced natural language processing and automated decision-making. However, these models still encounter difficulties when performing complex reasoning tasks involving logical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-26 Yubo Dong , Hehe Fan

Advancing planning and reasoning capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) is one of the key prerequisites towards unlocking their potential for performing reliably in complex and impactful domains. In this paper, we aim to demonstrate…

Large language models (LLMs) have shown remarkable reasoning capabilities, especially when prompted to generate intermediate reasoning steps (e.g., Chain-of-Thought, CoT). However, LLMs can still struggle with problems that are easy for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Shibo Hao , Yi Gu , Haodi Ma , Joshua Jiahua Hong , Zhen Wang , Daisy Zhe Wang , Zhiting Hu

Existing Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) have shown the potential of reinforcement learning (RL) to enhance the complex reasoning capabilities of Large Language Models~(LLMs). While they achieve remarkable performance on challenging tasks…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-03-19 Huatong Song , Jinhao Jiang , Yingqian Min , Jie Chen , Zhipeng Chen , Wayne Xin Zhao , Lei Fang , Ji-Rong Wen

This paper introduces the Constrained Monte Carlo Tree Search (CMCTS) framework to enhance the mathematical reasoning capabilities of Large Language Models (LLM). By incorporating a constrained action space, Process Reward Model (PRM), and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Qingwen Lin , Boyan Xu , Guimin Hu , Zijian Li , Zhifeng Hao , Keli Zhang , Ruichu Cai

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in natural language understanding, reasoning, and problem-solving across various domains. However, their ability to perform complex, multi-step reasoning task-essential…

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success across various natural language processing (NLP) tasks. However, recent studies suggest that they still face challenges in performing fundamental NLP tasks essential for deep…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Ziyan Zhang , Yang Hou , Chen Gong , Zhenghua Li

Large language models (LLMs) have transformed AI research thanks to their powerful internal capabilities and knowledge. However, existing LLMs still fail to effectively incorporate the massive external knowledge when interacting with the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Tao Feng , Pengrui Han , Guanyu Lin , Ge Liu , Jiaxuan You

Large Language Models (LLMs) tend to generate a long reasoning chain when solving complex tasks. However, as the reasoning chain extends, critical intermediate steps and the original prompt will be buried in the context, receiving…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Hongxiang Zhang , Yuan Tian , Tianyi Zhang

Large language models (LLMs) offer significant promise as a knowledge source for task learning. Prompt engineering has been shown to be effective for eliciting knowledge from an LLM, but alone it is insufficient for acquiring relevant,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-02-21 James R. Kirk , Robert E. Wray , Peter Lindes , John E. Laird

Current large-language models (LLMs) typically adopt a fixed reasoning strategy, either simple or complex, for all questions, regardless of their difficulty. This neglect of variation in task and reasoning process complexity leads to an…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Yi Wang , Junxiao Liu , Shimao Zhang , Jiajun Chen , Shujian Huang

Large language models (LLMs) equipped with chain-of-thought (CoT) achieve strong performance and offer a window into LLM behavior. However, recent evidence suggests that improvements in CoT capabilities often come with redundant reasoning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Yanrui Du , Sendong Zhao , Yibo Gao , Danyang Zhao , Qika Lin , Ming Ma , Jiayun Li , Yi Jiang , Kai He , Qianyi Xu , Bing Qin , Mengling Feng

Large language models (LLMs) can face factual limitations when responding to time-sensitive queries about recent events that arise after their knowledge thresholds in the training corpus. Existing search-augmented approaches fall into two…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-06-11 Wentao Shi , Yiqing Shen

Autonomous web agents powered by large language models (LLMs) show strong potential for performing goal-oriented tasks such as information retrieval, report generation, and online transactions. These agents mark a key step toward practical…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Shiqi He , Yue Cui , Xinyu Ma , Yaliang Li , Bolin Ding , Mosharaf Chowdhury

Large Language Models (LLMs) have unveiled remarkable capabilities in understanding and generating both natural language and code, but LLM reasoning is prone to hallucination and struggle with complex, novel scenarios, often getting stuck…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-05-12 Antonio Jimeno Yepes , Pieter Barnard

While chain-of-thought prompting with Best-of-N (BoN) selection has become popular for mathematical reasoning in large language models (LLMs), its linear structure fails to capture the branching and exploratory nature of complex…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Tristan Cinquin , Geoff Pleiss , Agustinus Kristiadi

The applicability of Large Language Models (LLMs) in temporal reasoning tasks over data that is not present during training is still a field that remains to be explored. In this paper we work on this topic, focusing on structured and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Alfredo Garrachón Ruiz , Tomás de la Rosa , Daniel Borrajo

Although recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) have significantly improved their performance on various tasks, they still face challenges with complex and symbolic multi-step reasoning, particularly in mathematical reasoning.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-30 Guoxin Chen , Minpeng Liao , Chengxi Li , Kai Fan