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This paper proposes a paradigm shift for affective computing by viewing the affect modeling task as a reinforcement learning process. According to our proposed framework the context (environment) and the actions of an agent define the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-29 Matthew Barthet , Antonios Liapis , Georgios N. Yannakakis

Although recent work in AI has made great progress in solving large, zero-sum, extensive-form games, the underlying assumption in most past work is that the parameters of the game itself are known to the agents. This paper deals with the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-06-29 Chun Kai Ling , Fei Fang , J. Zico Kolter

We introduce a new board game based on the ancient Chinese game of Go (Weiqi, Igo, Baduk). The key difference from the original game is that players no longer alternatively play single stones on the board but instead they take turns placing…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-03-18 André Ranchin

Motivated by the recent success of reinforcement learning in games such as Go and Dota2, we formulate Bell non-local games as a reinforcement learning problem. Such a formulation helps us to explore Bell non-locality in a range of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-12-24 Kishor Bharti , Tobias Haug , Vlatko Vedral , Leong-Chuan Kwek

Artificial intelligence (AI) has enabled agents to master complex video games, from first-person shooters like Counter-Strike to real-time strategy games such as StarCraft II and racing games like Gran Turismo. While these achievements are…

When a prediction algorithm serves a collection of users, disparities in prediction quality are likely to emerge. If users respond to accurate predictions by increasing engagement, inviting friends, or adopting trends, repeated learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-27 Eden Saig , Nir Rosenfeld

We present a novel deep graphical representation that seamlessly merges principles of game theory with laws of statistical mechanics. It performs feature extraction, dimensionality reduction, and pattern classification within a single…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-17 Djamel Bouchaffra , Fayçal Ykhlef , Bilal Faye , Hanane Azzag , Mustapha Lebbah

In this paper, we review recent approaches for explaining concepts in neural networks. Concepts can act as a natural link between learning and reasoning: once the concepts are identified that a neural learning system uses, one can integrate…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-05-06 Jae Hee Lee , Sergio Lanza , Stefan Wermter

Knowledge tracing---where a machine models the knowledge of a student as they interact with coursework---is a well established problem in computer supported education. Though effectively modeling student knowledge would have high…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2015-06-22 Chris Piech , Jonathan Spencer , Jonathan Huang , Surya Ganguli , Mehran Sahami , Leonidas Guibas , Jascha Sohl-Dickstein

Artificial Intelligence has historically relied on planning, heuristics, and handcrafted approaches designed by experts. All the while claiming to pursue the creation of Intelligence. This approach fails to acknowledge that intelligence…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2020-03-27 Jordan Ott

Widely considered a cornerstone of human morality, trust shapes many aspects of human social interactions. In this work, we present a theoretical analysis of the $\textit{trust game}$, the canonical task for studying trust in behavioral and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-12-21 Ardavan S. Nobandegani , Irina Rish , Thomas R. Shultz

Recent breakthroughs in Go play and strategic games have witnessed the great potential of reinforcement learning in intelligently scheduling in uncertain environment, but some bottlenecks are also encountered when we generalize this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-12-27 Xingxing Liang , Qi Wang , Yanghe Feng , Zhong Liu , Jincai Huang

The increasing number of spectators and players in e-sports, along with the development of optimized communication solutions and cloud computing technology, has motivated the constant growth of the online game industry. Even though…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-23 Silvia García-Méndez , Francisco de Arriba-Pérez

Recent artificial neural networks that process natural language achieve unprecedented performance in tasks requiring sentence-level understanding. As such, they could be interesting models of the integration of linguistic information in the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-02-17 Sophie Arana , Jacques Pesnot Lerousseau , Peter Hagoort

Learning models do not in general imply that weakly dominated strategies are irrelevant or justify the related concept of "forward induction," because rational agents may use dominated strategies as experiments to learn how opponents play,…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2022-11-15 Daniel Clark , Drew Fudenberg , Kevin He

We argue for the use of active learning methods for player modelling. In active learning, the learning algorithm chooses where to sample the search space so as to optimise learning progress. We hypothesise that player modelling based on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2013-12-11 Julian Togelius , Noor Shaker , Georgios N. Yannakakis

Strategic decision-making requires balancing immediate opportunities against long-term objectives: a tension fundamental to competitive environments. We investigate this trade-off in chess by analyzing the dynamics of human and AI gameplay…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Adamo Cerioli , Edward D. Lee , Vito D. P. Servedio

Recent advances in Reinforcement Learning (RL) largely benefit from the inclusion of Deep Neural Networks, boosting the number of novel approaches proposed in the field of Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL). These techniques demonstrate the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-30 Giovanni Dispoto , Paolo Bonetti , Marcello Restelli

Behavioral game theory models serve two purposes: yielding insights into how human decision-making works, and predicting how people would behave in novel strategic settings. A system called GameNet represents the state of the art for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Greg d'Eon , Hala Murad , Kevin Leyton-Brown , James R. Wright

Do AI systems truly understand human concepts or merely mimic surface patterns? We investigate this through chess, where human creativity meets precise strategic concepts. Analyzing a 270M-parameter transformer that achieves…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-05 Semyon Lomasov , Judah Goldfeder , Mehmet Hamza Erol , Matthew So , Yao Yan , Addison Howard , Nathan Kutz , Ravid Shwartz Ziv