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The increasing prevalence of lumbar spinal canal stenosis has resulted in a surge of MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging), leading to labor-intensive interpretation and significant inter-reader variability, even among expert radiologists. This…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-03-04 Arnesh Batra , Arush Gumber , Anushk Kumar

Algorithmic X-ray scatter compensation is a desirable technique in flat-panel X-ray imaging and cone-beam computed tomography. State-of-the-art U-net based image translation approaches yielded promising results. As there are no physics…

Detecting slender, overlapping structures remains a challenge in computational microscopy. While recent coordinate-based approaches improve detection, they often produce less accurate splines than pixel-based methods. We introduce a…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-07 Frans Zdyb , Albert Alonso , Julius B. Kirkegaard

Spine image segmentation is crucial for clinical diagnosis and treatment of spine diseases. The complex structure of the spine and the high morphological similarity between individual vertebrae and adjacent intervertebral discs make…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-27 Dingwei Fan , Junyong Zhao , Chunlin Li , Mingliang Wang , Qi Zhu , Haipeng Si , Daoqiang Zhang , Liang Sun

Many scientific fields and applications require compact representations of multivariate functions. For this problem, decoupling methods are powerful techniques for representing the multivariate functions as a combination of linear…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-07 Joppe De Jonghe , Mariya Ishteva

This study presents an advanced approach to lumbar spine segmentation using deep learning techniques, focusing on addressing key challenges such as class imbalance and data preprocessing. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans of patients…

Continuous signal representations are naturally suited for inverse problems, such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography, because the measurements depend on an underlying physically continuous signal. While classical…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-26 Hongze Yu , Yun Jiang , Jeffrey A. Fessler

Self-supervised learning (SSL) has emerged as a powerful strategy for representation learning under limited annotation regimes, yet its effectiveness remains highly sensitive to many factors, especially the nature of the target task. In…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Jorge Quesada , Ghassan AlRegib

Surface-based data is commonly observed in diverse practical applications spanning various fields. In this paper, we introduce a novel nonparametric method to discover the underlying signals from data distributed on complex surface-based…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-03-12 Zhiling Gu , Shan Yu , Guannan Wang , Ming-Jun Lai , Li Wang

Reconstruction of geometry based on different input modes, such as images or point clouds, has been instrumental in the development of computer aided design and computer graphics. Optimal implementations of these applications have…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-01-15 Jun Gao , Chengcheng Tang , Vignesh Ganapathi-Subramanian , Jiahui Huang , Hao Su , Leonidas J. Guibas

In many classification problems it is desirable to output well-calibrated probabilities on the different classes. We propose a robust, non-parametric method of calibrating probabilities called SplineCalib that utilizes smoothing splines to…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-09-21 Brian Lucena

Model-based human pose estimation is currently approached through two different paradigms. Optimization-based methods fit a parametric body model to 2D observations in an iterative manner, leading to accurate image-model alignments, but are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-09-30 Nikos Kolotouros , Georgios Pavlakos , Michael J. Black , Kostas Daniilidis

Spine-related diseases have high morbidity and cause a huge burden of social cost. Spine imaging is an essential tool for noninvasively visualizing and assessing spinal pathology. Segmenting vertebrae in computed tomography (CT) images is…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-04 Yang Deng , Ce Wang , Yuan Hui , Qian Li , Jun Li , Shiwei Luo , Mengke Sun , Quan Quan , Shuxin Yang , You Hao , Pengbo Liu , Honghu Xiao , Chunpeng Zhao , Xinbao Wu , S. Kevin Zhou

This paper introduces Robust Spin (R-Spin), a data-efficient domain-specific self-supervision method for speaker and noise-invariant speech representations by learning discrete acoustic units with speaker-invariant clustering (Spin). R-Spin…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Heng-Jui Chang , James Glass

Ultrasound curve angle (UCA) measurement provides a radiation-free and reliable evaluation for scoliosis based on ultrasound imaging. However, degraded image quality, especially in difficult-to-image patients, can prevent clinical experts…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-26 Yihao Zhou , Zixun Huang , Timothy Tin-Yan Lee , Chonglin Wu , Kelly Ka-Lee Lai , De Yang , Alec Lik-hang Hung , Jack Chun-Yiu Cheng , Tsz-Ping Lam , Yong-ping Zheng

Statistical shape modeling (SSM) is an enabling quantitative tool to study anatomical shapes in various medical applications. However, directly using 3D images in these applications still has a long way to go. Recent deep learning methods…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-04 Abu Zahid Bin Aziz , Jadie Adams , Shireen Elhabian

Panoramic images provide comprehensive scene information and are suitable for VR applications. Obtaining corresponding depth maps is essential for achieving immersive and interactive experiences. However, panoramic depth estimation presents…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Wenjie Chang , Hao Ai , Tianzhu Zhang , Lin Wang

This paper explores an efficient Lagrangian approach for evolving point cloud data on smooth manifolds. In this preliminary study, we focus on analyzing plane curves, and our ultimate goal is to provide an alternative to the conventional…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-10-03 Muhammad Ammad , Leevan Ling

The majority of primary Central Nervous System (CNS) tumors in the brain are among the most aggressive diseases affecting humans. Early detection of brain tumor types, whether benign or malignant, glial or non-glial, is critical for cancer…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-11-16 Liyun Zeng , Hao Helen Zhang

The smoothing spline is one of the most popular curve-fitting methods, partly because of empirical evidence supporting its effectiveness and partly because of its elegant mathematical formulation. However, there are two obstacles that…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2012-09-11 Yu Ryan Yue , Daniel Simpson , Finn Lindgren , Håvard Rue