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As perception models continue to develop, the need for large-scale datasets increases. However, data annotation remains far too expensive to effectively scale and meet the demand. Synthetic datasets provide a solution to boost model…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Arpit Jadon , Haoran Wang , Phillip Thomas , Michael Stanley , S. Nathaniel Cibik , Rachel Laurat , Omar Maher , Lukas Hoyer , Ozan Unal , Dengxin Dai

Recent advancements in deep-learning-based driving planners have primarily focused on elaborate network engineering, yielding limited improvements. This paper diverges from conventional approaches by exploring three fundamental yet…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-08-30 Lingyu Xiao , Jiang-Jiang Liu , Xiaoqing Ye , Wankou Yang , Jingdong Wang

With growing complexity and criticality of automated driving functions in road traffic and their operational design domains (ODD), there is increasing demand for covering significant proportions of development, validation, and verification…

With the rapid growth of urban transportation and the continuous progress in autonomous driving, a demand for robust benchmarking autonomous driving algorithms has emerged, calling for accurate modeling of large-scale urban traffic…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-02-14 Yuheng Zhang , Tianjian Ouyang , Fudan Yu , Lei Qiao , Wei Wu , Jingtao Ding , Jian Yuan , Yong Li

Differentiable simulators represent an environment's dynamics as a differentiable function. Within robotics and autonomous driving, this property is used in Analytic Policy Gradients (APG), which relies on backpropagating through the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-14 Asen Nachkov , Danda Pani Paudel , Jan-Nico Zaech , Davide Scaramuzza , Luc Van Gool

Reinforcement learning has been demonstrated to outperform even the best humans in complex domains like video games. However, running reinforcement learning experiments on the required scale for autonomous driving is extremely difficult.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-06 Moritz Harmel , Anubhav Paras , Andreas Pasternak , Nicholas Roy , Gary Linscott

Recent advances in autonomous system simulation platforms have significantly enhanced the safe and scalable testing of driving policies. However, existing simulators do not yet fully meet the needs of future transportation…

Understanding the intrinsic mechanisms of social platforms is an urgent demand to maintain social stability. The rise of large language models provides significant potential for social network simulations to capture attitude dynamics and…

Physics and Society · Physics 2025-12-16 Yanhui Sun , Wu Liu , Wentao Wang , Hantao Yao , Jiebo Luo , Yongdong Zhang

The role of simulation in autonomous driving is becoming increasingly important due to the need for rapid prototyping and extensive testing. The use of physics-based simulation involves multiple benefits and advantages at a reasonable cost…

Large-scale driving datasets such as Waymo Open Dataset and nuScenes substantially accelerate autonomous driving research, especially for perception tasks such as 3D detection and trajectory forecasting. Since the driving logs in these…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Quanyi Li , Zhenghao Peng , Lan Feng , Zhizheng Liu , Chenda Duan , Wenjie Mo , Bolei Zhou

Realistic and controllable simulation is critical for advancing end-to-end autonomous driving, yet existing approaches often struggle to support novel view synthesis under large viewpoint changes or to ensure geometric consistency. We…

Current methods to learn controllers for autonomous vehicles (AVs) focus on behavioural cloning. Being trained only on exact historic data, the resulting agents often generalize poorly to novel scenarios. Simulators provide the opportunity…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Asen Nachkov , Danda Pani Paudel , Luc Van Gool

Simulation is a crucial tool for accelerating the development of autonomous vehicles. Making simulation realistic requires models of the human road users who interact with such cars. Such models can be obtained by applying learning from…

Reliable autonomous driving relies on large-scale, well-labeled data and robust models. However, manual data collection is resource-intensive, and traditional simulation suffers from a persistent reality gap. While recent generative…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Kaicong Huang , Talha Azfar , Weisong Shi , Ruimin Ke

Developing safety and efficiency applications for Connected and Automated Vehicles (CAVs) require a great deal of testing and evaluation. The need for the operation of these systems in critical and dangerous situations makes the burden of…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2023-04-27 Ahura Jami , Mahdi Razzaghpour , Hussein Alnuweiri , Yaser P. Fallah

Traffic simulation is important for transportation optimization and policy making. While existing simulators such as SUMO and MATSim offer fully-featured platforms and utilities, users without too much knowledge about these platforms often…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-25 Yuwei Du , Jun Zhang , Jie Feng , Zhicheng Liu , Jian Yuan , Yong Li

Conducting real road testing for autonomous driving algorithms can be expensive and sometimes impractical, particularly for small startups and research institutes. Thus, simulation becomes an important method for evaluating these…

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have opened new avenues for applying multi-agent systems in very large-scale simulations. However, there remain several challenges when conducting multi-agent simulations with existing…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Xuchen Pan , Dawei Gao , Yuexiang Xie , Yushuo Chen , Zhewei Wei , Yaliang Li , Bolin Ding , Ji-Rong Wen , Jingren Zhou

The research community has increasing interest in autonomous driving research, despite the resource intensity of obtaining representative real world data. Existing self-driving datasets are limited in the scale and variation of the…

Autonomous vehicles (AVs) are being rapidly introduced into our lives. However, public misunderstanding and mistrust have become prominent issues hindering the acceptance of these driverless technologies. The primary objective of this study…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-02-20 Zhijie Qiao , Helen Loeb , Venkata Gurrla , Matt Lebermann , Johannes Betz , Rahul Mangharam