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Reinforcement Learning (RL) offers a fundamental framework for discovering optimal action strategies through interactions within unknown environments. Recent advancement have shown that the performance and applicability of RL can…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-04 So Nakashima , Tetsuya J. Kobayashi

ATARI is a suite of video games used by reinforcement learning (RL) researchers to test the effectiveness of the learning algorithm. Receiving only the raw pixels and the game score, the agent learns to develop sophisticated strategies,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-17 Le Zhang , Yong Gu , Xin Zhao , Yanshuo Zhang , Shu Zhao , Yifei Jin , Xinxin Wu

Recent developments in deep reinforcement learning have enabled the creation of agents for solving a large variety of games given a visual input. These methods have been proven successful for 2D games, like the Atari games, or for simple…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-07-06 Georgios Papoudakis , Kyriakos C. Chatzidimitriou , Pericles A. Mitkas

Reinforcement learning (RL) is a machine learning paradigm where an autonomous agent learns to make an optimal sequence of decisions by interacting with the underlying environment. The promise demonstrated by RL-guided workflows in…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-08-31 Satwik Patnaik , Vasudev Gohil , Hao Guo , Jeyavijayan , Rajendran

While reinforcement learning (RL) can empower autonomous agents by enabling self-improvement through interaction, its practical adoption remains challenging due to costly rollouts, limited task diversity, unreliable reward signals, and…

Reinforcement Learning (RL) has achieved remarkable success in various domains, yet it often relies on carefully designed programmatic reward functions to guide agent behavior. Designing such reward functions can be challenging and may not…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Qi Wang , Mian Wu , Yuyang Zhang , Mingqi Yuan , Wenyao Zhang , Haoxiang You , Yunbo Wang , Xin Jin , Xiaokang Yang , Wenjun Zeng

Deep reinforcement learning (DRL) has effectively enhanced gameplay experiences and game design across various game genres. However, few studies on fighting game agents have focused explicitly on enhancing player enjoyment, a critical…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-11 Shouren Wang , Zehua Jiang , Fernando Sliva , Sam Earle , Julian Togelius

This paper explores the use of deep reinforcement learning agents to transfer knowledge from one environment to another. More specifically, the method takes advantage of asynchronous advantage actor critic (A3C) architecture to generalize a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-09-05 Akshita Mittel , Sowmya Munukutla , Himanshi Yadav

Offline Reinforcement Learning (ORL) is a promising approach to reduce the high sample complexity of traditional Reinforcement Learning (RL) by eliminating the need for continuous environmental interactions. ORL exploits a dataset of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-07-15 Girolamo Macaluso , Alessandro Sestini , Andrew D. Bagdanov

Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) and Visual Language Models (VLMs) have significantly impacted robotics, enabling high-level semantic motion planning applications. Reinforcement Learning (RL), a complementary paradigm,…

The task of building general agents that perform well over a wide range of tasks has been an important goal in reinforcement learning since its inception. The problem has been subject of research of a large body of work, with performance…

Human actions are based on the mental perception of the environment. Even when all the aspects of an environment are not visible, humans have an internal mental model that can generalize the partially visible scenes to fully constructed and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-17 Usama Younus , Vinoj Jayasundara , Shivam Mishra , Suleyman Aslan

Soft real-time applications are becoming increasingly complex, posing significant challenges for scheduling offloaded tasks in edge computing environments while meeting task timing constraints. Moreover, the exponential growth of the search…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-11 Amin Avan , Akramul Azim , Qusay Mahmoud

Reinforcement Learning (RL) in games has gained significant momentum in recent years, enabling the creation of different agent behaviors that can transform a player's gaming experience. However, deploying RL agents in production…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-01 António Afonso , Iolanda Leite , Alessandro Sestini , Florian Fuchs , Konrad Tollmar , Linus Gisslén

As retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) becomes more widespread, the role of retrieval is shifting from retrieving information for human browsing to retrieving context for AI reasoning. This shift creates more complex search environments,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-05 Jiawei Zhou , Lei Chen

Reinforcement learning (RL) agents need to explore their environments in order to learn optimal policies. In many environments and tasks, safety is of critical importance. The widespread use of simulators offers a number of advantages,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-03-01 Luka Kovač , Igor Farkaš

A number of recent approaches to policy learning in 2D game domains have been successful going directly from raw input images to actions. However when employed in complex 3D environments, they typically suffer from challenges related to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2016-12-02 Shehroze Bhatti , Alban Desmaison , Ondrej Miksik , Nantas Nardelli , N. Siddharth , Philip H. S. Torr

Offline reinforcement learning (RL) provides a promising approach to avoid costly online interaction with the real environment. However, the performance of offline RL highly depends on the quality of the datasets, which may cause…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-05-08 Yiwen Hou , Haoyuan Sun , Jinming Ma , Feng Wu

Saliency maps are frequently used to support explanations of the behavior of deep reinforcement learning (RL) agents. However, a review of how saliency maps are used in practice indicates that the derived explanations are often…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-24 Akanksha Atrey , Kaleigh Clary , David Jensen

Exploration in reinforcement learning (RL) remains challenging, particularly in sparse-reward settings. While foundation models possess strong semantic priors, their capabilities as zero-shot exploration agents in classic RL benchmarks are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-25 Remo Sasso , Michelangelo Conserva , Dominik Jeurissen , Paulo Rauber