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Learning solution operators for differential equations with neural networks has shown great potential in scientific computing, but ensuring their stability under input perturbations remains a critical challenge. This paper presents a robust…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Chutian Huang , Chang Ma , Kaibo Wang , Yang Xiang

We introduce LADDER (Learning through Autonomous Difficulty-Driven Example Recursion), a framework which enables Large Language Models to autonomously improve their problem-solving capabilities through self-guided learning by recursively…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-06 Toby Simonds , Akira Yoshiyama

We address the problem of verifying the satisfiability of Constrained Horn Clauses (CHCs) based on theories of inductively defined data structures, such as lists and trees. We propose a transformation technique whose objective is the…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2018-10-23 Emanuele De Angelis , Fabio Fioravanti , Alberto Pettorossi , Maurizio Proietti

Solving symbolic reasoning problems that require compositionality and systematicity is considered one of the key ingredients of human intelligence. However, symbolic reasoning is still a great challenge for deep learning models, which often…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-07-03 Flavio Petruzzellis , Alberto Testolin , Alessandro Sperduti

Neural networks can be fragile to input noise and adversarial attacks. In this work, we consider Convolutional Neural Ordinary Differential Equations (NODEs), a family of continuous-depth neural networks represented by dynamical systems,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-18 Muhammad Zakwan , Liang Xu , Giancarlo Ferrari-Trecate

Letter-string analogy is an important analogy learning task which seems to be easy for humans but very challenging for machines. The main idea behind current approaches to solving letter-string analogies is to design heuristic rules for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-12 Yujia Fan , Yongfeng Zhang

We propose a novel distributed iterative linear inverse solver method. Our method, PolyLin, has significantly lower communication cost, both in terms of number of rounds as well as number of bits, in comparison with the state of the art at…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-06-19 Farzin Haddadpour , Yaoqing Yang , Malhar Chaudhari , Viveck R Cadambe , Pulkit Grover

SMT-based program analysis and verification often involve reasoning about program features that have been specified using quantifiers; incorporating quantifiers into SMT-based reasoning is, however, known to be challenging. If quantifier…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2024-04-30 Rui Ge , Ronald Garcia , Alexander J. Summers

Although Score Distillation Sampling (SDS) has exhibited remarkable performance in conditional 3D content generation, a comprehensive understanding of its formulation is still lacking, hindering the development of 3D generation. In this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-08 Boshi Tang , Jianan Wang , Zhiyong Wu , Lei Zhang

The normalizing layer has become one of the basic configurations of deep learning models, but it still suffers from computational inefficiency, interpretability difficulties, and low generality. After gaining a deeper understanding of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-14 Chang Liu , Yuwen Yang , Yue Ding , Hongtao Lu

We introduce an operator on classes of regular languages, the star-free closure. Our motivation is to generalize standard results of automata theory within a unified framework. Given an arbitrary input class $C$, the star-free closure…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2023-07-19 Thomas Place , Marc Zeitoun

A core component of a successful artificial general intelligence would be the rapid creation and manipulation of grounded compositional abstractions and the demonstration of expertise in the family of recursive hierarchical syntactic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Elliot Murphy , Evelina Leivada , Vittoria Dentella , Fritz Gunther , Gary Marcus

The paper presents a new control algorithm for unstable linear systems with input delay. In comparison with known analogues, the control law has been designed, which is a modification of the Smith predictor, and is the simplest one to…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-07-31 Anton Pyrkin , Konstantin Kalinin

We address the satisfiability problem for string constraints that combine relational constraints represented by transducers, word equations, and string length constraints. This problem is undecidable in general. Therefore, we propose a new…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2023-07-11 Parosh Aziz Abdulla , Mohamed Faouzi Atig Bui Phi Diep , Lukáš Holík , Petr Janků

Large Language Model (LLM)-based applications are increasingly deployed across various domains, including customer service, education, and mobility. However, these systems are prone to inaccurate, fictitious, or harmful responses, and their…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Lev Sorokin , Ivan Vasilev , Ken E. Friedl , Andrea Stocco

We propose in this paper a Proper Generalized Decomposition (PGD) solver for reduced-order modeling of linear elastodynamic problems. It primarily focuses on enhancing the computational efficiency of a previously introduced PGD solver based…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2024-05-15 Clément Vella , Pierre Gosselet , Serge Prudhomme

In automata theory, while determinisation provides a standard route to solving many common problems in automata theory, some weak forms of nondeterminism can be dealt with in some problems without costly determinisation. For example, the…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Thomas A. Henzinger , Keya Prakash , K. S. Thejaswini

We use the classical interpretation of the braid group $B_3$ as a central extension of the modular group $\text{PSL}_2\left(\mathbb{Z}\right)$ to establish new and fundamental properties of $B_3$ using the theory of continued fractions. In…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2020-08-06 Amitesh Datta

Many different systems with explicit substitutions have been proposed to implement a large class of higher-order languages. Motivations and challenges that guided the development of such calculi in functional frameworks are surveyed in the…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2015-07-01 Delia Kesner

Strings are widely used in programs, especially in web applications. Integer data type occurs naturally in string-manipulating programs, and is frequently used to refer to lengths of, or positions in, strings. Analysis and testing of…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2020-07-15 Taolue Chen , Matthew Hague , Jinlong He , Denghang Hu , Anthony Widjaja Lin , Philipp Rummer , Zhilin Wu