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It has been known for quite some time that spinning polygon, and similar, swept lasers used in OCT favor the short to long wavelength sweep direction because of four wave mixing in the gain medium. Here we have reformulated the problem in…
Moving object segmentation (MOS) on LiDAR point clouds is crucial for autonomous systems like self-driving vehicles. Previous supervised approaches rely heavily on costly manual annotations, while LiDAR sequences naturally capture temporal…
Coverage analysis is widely used but can suffer from high overhead. This overhead is especially acute in the context of Python, which is already notoriously slow (a recent study observes a roughly 30x slowdown vs. native code). We find that…
Floating-point round-off errors are ubiquitous in numerically intensive programs arising in fields such as scientific computing and optimization. As floating-point errors potentially lead to unexpected and catastrophic program failures, one…
We have constructed an analytical model to simulate the behavior of an adaptive optics system coupled with a sodium laser guide star. The code is applied to a 3.6-m and 8m class telescopes. The results are given in terms of Strehl ratio and…
As the medical usage of computed tomography (CT) continues to grow, the radiation dose should remain at a low level to reduce the health risks. Therefore, there is an increasing need for algorithms that can reconstruct high-quality images…
Accurate knowledge of the telescope's point spread function (PSF) is essential for the weak gravitational lensing measurements that hold great promise for cosmological constraints. For space telescopes, the PSF may vary with time due to…
A simple modification method for single-stage generic object detection neural networks, such as YOLO and SSD, is proposed, which allows for improving the detection accuracy on video data by exploiting the temporal behavior of the scene in…
The Low Wind Effect (LWE) refers to a phenomenon that occurs when the wind speed inside a telescope dome drops below $3$m/s creating a temperature gradient near the telescope spider. This produces phase discontinuities in the pupil plane…
Exoplanet direct imaging using adaptive optics (AO) is often limited by non-common path aberrations (NCPAs) and aberrations that are invisible to traditional pupil-plane wavefront sensors (WFSs). This can be remedied by focal-plane (FP)…
State-of-the-art (SoTA) models have improved the accuracy of object detection with a large margin via a FP (feature pyramid). FP is a top-down aggregation to collect semantically strong features to improve scale invariance in both two-stage…
Contrastive Vision-Language Pre-training, known as CLIP, has provided a new paradigm for learning visual representations using large-scale image-text pairs. It shows impressive performance on downstream tasks by zero-shot knowledge…
Light scattering by tissue severely limits how deep beneath the surface one can image, and the spatial resolution one can obtain from these images. Diffuse optical tomography (DOT) is one of the most powerful techniques for imaging deep…
Recently, the joint design of optical systems and downstream algorithms is showing significant potential. However, existing rays-described methods are limited to optimizing geometric degradation, making it difficult to fully represent the…
TorchOptics is an open-source Python library for differentiable Fourier optics simulations, developed using PyTorch to enable GPU-accelerated tensor computations and automatic differentiation. It provides a comprehensive framework for…
Photonic integrated circuits are paving the way for novel on-chip functionalities with diverse applications in communication, computing, and beyond. The integration of on-chip light sources, especially single-mode lasers, is crucial for…
Mode-locked lasers, which produce ultrashort pulses in the picosecond and femtosecond range, have enabled some of the most precise measurements. However, despite significant recent progress, resolving the temporal behavior of their short…
We systematically investigate the error sources for high-precision astrometry from adaptive optics based near-infrared imaging data. We focus on the application in the crowded stellar field in the Galactic Center. We show that at the level…
Recent works on diffusion models have demonstrated a strong capability for conditioning image generation, e.g., text-guided image synthesis. Such success inspires many efforts trying to use large-scale pre-trained diffusion models for…
Optical imaging through scattering media is an important challenge in a variety of fields ranging from microscopy to autonomous vehicles. While advanced wavefront shaping techniques have offered significant breakthroughs in the past decade,…