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Snow is an essential input for various land surface models. Seasonal snow estimates are available as snow water equivalent (SWE) from process-based reanalysis products or locally from in situ measurements. While the reanalysis products are…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2025-07-24 Arun M. Saranathan , Mahmoud Saeedimoghaddam , Brandon Smith , Deepthi Raghunandan , Grey Nearing , Craig Pelissier

Satellite radar altimetry is one of the most powerful techniques for measuring sea surface height variations, with applications ranging from operational oceanography to climate research. Over open oceans, altimeter return waveforms…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2017-09-25 Ribana Roscher , Bernd Uebbing , Jürgen Kusche

Satellite altimeter observations retrieved since 1993 show that the global mean sea level is rising at an unprecedented rate (3.4mm/year). With almost three decades of observations, we can now investigate the contributions of anthropogenic…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2023-08-07 Saumya Sinha , John Fasullo , R. Steven Nerem , Claire Monteleoni

Understanding subsurface ocean dynamics is essential for quantifying oceanic heat and mass transport, but direct observations at depth remain sparse due to logistical and technological constraints. In contrast, satellite missions provide…

Recent advancements in spaceborne GNSS missions have produced extensive global datasets, providing a robust basis for deep learning-based significant wave height (SWH) retrieval. While existing deep learning models predominantly utilize…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Chong Zhang , Xichao Liu , Yibing Zhan , Dapeng Tao , Jun Ni , Jinwei Bu

For numerous earth observation applications, one may benefit from various satellite sensors to address the reconstruction of some process or information of interest. A variety of satellite sensors deliver observation data with different…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-22 Ronan Fablet , Bertrand Chapron

Sea surface temperature (SST) is a fundamental physical parameter characterising the thermal state of sea surface. Due to the intricate thermal interactions between land, sea, and atmosphere, the spatial gradients of SST in coastal waters…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2025-05-14 Yiqing Guo , Nagur Cherukuru , Eric Lehmann , Xiubin Qi , Mark Doubelld , S. L. Kesav Unnithan , Ming Feng

The ocean wave distribution in a specific region of space and time is described by its sea state. Knowledge about the sea states a ship encounters on a journey can be used to assess various parameters of risk and wear associated with the…

Applications · Statistics 2019-06-04 Anders Hildeman , David Bolin , Igor Rychlik

The frontal structure of the Southern Ocean is investigated using a sophisticated frontal detection methodology, the Wavelet/Higher Order Statistics Enhancement (WHOSE) method, introduced in \cite{Chapman2014}. This methodology is applied…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2016-10-03 Christopher C. Chapman

Accurate reconstruction of ocean is essential for reflecting global climate dynamics and supporting marine meteorological research. Conventional methods face challenges due to sparse data, algorithmic complexity, and high computational…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Yuanyi Song , Pumeng Lyu , Ben Fei , Fenghua Ling , Wanli Ouyang , Lei Bai

Significant wave height (SWH) is a vital metric in marine science, and accurate SWH estimation is crucial for various applications, e.g., marine energy development, fishery, early warning systems for potential risks, etc. Traditional SWH…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-30 Zhe Li , Ronghui Xu , Jilin Hu , Zhong Peng , Xi Lu , Chenjuan Guo , Bin Yang

Historically, the interpolation of large geophysical datasets has been tackled using methods like Optimal Interpolation (OI) or model-based data assimilation schemes. However, the recent connection between Stochastic Partial Differential…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-11-06 Maxime Beauchamp , Ronan Fablet , Hugo Georgenthum

Drone-based remote sensing combined with AI-driven methodologies has shown great potential for accurate mapping and monitoring of coral reef ecosystems. This study presents a novel multi-scale approach to coral reef monitoring, integrating…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-26 Matteo Contini , Victor Illien , Julien Barde , Sylvain Poulain , Serge Bernard , Alexis Joly , Sylvain Bonhommeau

Ocean wave climate has a significant impact on near-shore and off-shore human activities, and its characterisation can help in the design of ocean structures such as wave energy converters and sea dikes. Therefore, engineers need long time…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-05-27 Said Obakrim , Valérie Monbet , Nicolas Raillard , Pierre Ailliot

Satellite remote sensing presents a cost-effective solution for synoptic flood monitoring, and satellite-derived flood maps provide a computationally efficient alternative to numerical flood inundation models traditionally used. While…

Geophysics · Physics 2022-09-05 Antara Dasgupta , Lasse Hybbeneth , Björn Waske

We present improvements to the pointing accuracy of the South Pole Telescope (SPT) using machine learning. The ability of the SPT to point accurately at the sky is limited by its structural imperfections, which are impacted by the extreme…

In recent years, hyperspectral imaging, also known as imaging spectroscopy, has been paid an increasing interest in geoscience and remote sensing community. Hyperspectral imagery is characterized by very rich spectral information, which…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-07-20 Danfeng Hong , Jing Yao , Xin Wu , Jocelyn Chanussot , Xiao Xiang Zhu

Land Surface Temperature (LST) is a key variable for various applications, such as urban climate and ecology studies. Yet, existing satellite-derived LST products provide either high spatial or high temporal resolution, resulting in a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Solomiia Kurchaba , Angela Meyer

Satellite Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) observations can provide a global view of ocean swell fields when using a specific "wave mode" sampling. A methodology is presented to routinely derive integral properties of the longer wavelength…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2009-02-23 Fabrice Collard , Fabrice Ardhuin , Bertrand Chapron

Remote sensing observations of the Earth's surface are frequently stymied by clouds, water vapour, and aerosols in our atmosphere. These degrade or preclude the measurementof quantities critical to scientific and, hence, societal…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2023-07-19 Angelina Agabin , J. Xavier Prochaska , Peter C. Cornillon , Christian E. Buckingham