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Pre-trained Language Models (PLMs) have shown superior performance on various downstream Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks. However, conventional pre-training objectives do not explicitly model relational facts in text, which are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-05-27 Yujia Qin , Yankai Lin , Ryuichi Takanobu , Zhiyuan Liu , Peng Li , Heng Ji , Minlie Huang , Maosong Sun , Jie Zhou

The scaling law of Large Language Models (LLMs) reveals a power-law relationship, showing diminishing return on performance as model scale increases. While training LLMs from scratch is resource-intensive, fine-tuning a pre-trained model…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Yiyun Zhou , Chang Yao , Jingyuan Chen

Scaling large language models by increasing parameters and training data is increasingly constrained by limited high-quality corpora and rising communication costs. This work explores an alternative axis: increasing per-token computation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Boyi Zeng , Yiqin Hao , He Li , Shixiang Song , Feichen Song , Zitong Wang , Siyuan Huang , Yi Xu , ZiWei He , Xinbing Wang , Zhouhan Lin

The rapid progress of Transformers in artificial intelligence has come at the cost of increased resource consumption and greenhouse gas emissions due to growing model sizes. Prior work suggests using pretrained small models to improve…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-13 Yu Pan , Ye Yuan , Yichun Yin , Jiaxin Shi , Zenglin Xu , Ming Zhang , Lifeng Shang , Xin Jiang , Qun Liu

In this paper, we propose Patience-based Early Exit, a straightforward yet effective inference method that can be used as a plug-and-play technique to simultaneously improve the efficiency and robustness of a pretrained language model…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-23 Wangchunshu Zhou , Canwen Xu , Tao Ge , Julian McAuley , Ke Xu , Furu Wei

The evolving sophistication and intricacies of Large Language Models (LLMs) yield unprecedented advancements, yet they simultaneously demand considerable computational resources and incur significant costs. To alleviate these challenges,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-03 Hongye Jin , Xiaotian Han , Jingfeng Yang , Zhimeng Jiang , Chia-Yuan Chang , Xia Hu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have driven significant progress, yet their growing parameter counts and context windows incur prohibitive compute, energy, and monetary costs. We introduce EfficientLLM, a novel benchmark and the first…

Pre-training decoder-only language models relies on vast amounts of high-quality data, yet the availability of such data is increasingly reaching its limits. While metadata is commonly used to create and curate these datasets, its potential…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Sebastian Sztwiertnia , Felix Friedrich , Kristian Kersting , Patrick Schramowski , Björn Deiseroth

Current vision language pretraining models are dominated by methods using region visual features extracted from object detectors. Given their good performance, the extract-then-process pipeline significantly restricts the inference speed…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-01-19 Xiaofeng Yang , Fayao Liu , Guosheng Lin

How do language models learn to make predictions during pre-training? To study this, we extract learning curves from five autoregressive English language model pre-training runs, for 1M unseen tokens in context. We observe that the language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-01 Tyler A. Chang , Zhuowen Tu , Benjamin K. Bergen

Transformer-based entity matching methods have significantly moved the state of the art for less-structured matching tasks such as matching product offers in e-commerce. In order to excel at these tasks, Transformer-based matching methods…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-03 Ralph Peeters , Christian Bizer

Process Reward Models (PRMs) provide step-level supervision to large language models (LLMs), but scaling up training data annotation remains challenging for both humans and LLMs. To address this limitation, we propose an active learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-16 Keyu Duan , Zichen Liu , Xin Mao , Tianyu Pang , Changyu Chen , Qiguang Chen , Michael Qizhe Shieh , Longxu Dou

Recent work has demonstrated that using parameter efficient tuning techniques such as prefix tuning (or P-tuning) on pretrained language models can yield performance that is comparable or superior to fine-tuning while dramatically reducing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-30 Stephen Obadinma , Hongyu Guo , Xiaodan Zhu

Progress in neural grammatical error correction (GEC) is hindered by the lack of annotated training data. Sufficient amounts of high-quality manually annotated data are not available, so recent research has relied on generating synthetic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-21 Andrey Bout , Alexander Podolskiy , Sergey Nikolenko , Irina Piontkovskaya

The unsupervised pretraining of object detectors has recently become a key component of object detector training, as it leads to improved performance and faster convergence during the supervised fine-tuning stage. Existing unsupervised…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-09 Ioannis Maniadis Metaxas , Adrian Bulat , Ioannis Patras , Brais Martinez , Georgios Tzimiropoulos

We propose a framework for training non-autoregressive sequence-to-sequence models for editing tasks, where the original input sequence is iteratively edited to produce the output. We show that the imitation learning algorithms designed to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-18 Sweta Agrawal , Marine Carpuat

Recent curriculum techniques in the post-training stage of LLMs have been empirically observed to outperform non-curriculum approaches in improving reasoning performance, yet a principled understanding of their effectiveness and limitations…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Dake Bu , Wei Huang , Andi Han , Atsushi Nitanda , Hau-San Wong , Qingfu Zhang , Taiji Suzuki

In humans and animals, curriculum learning -- presenting data in a curated order - is critical to rapid learning and effective pedagogy. Yet in machine learning, curricula are not widely used and empirically often yield only moderate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-07 Luca Saglietti , Stefano Sarao Mannelli , Andrew Saxe

Multi-modal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have recently exhibited impressive general-purpose capabilities by leveraging vision foundation models to encode the core concepts of images into representations. These are then combined with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Sara Ghazanfari , Alexandre Araujo , Prashanth Krishnamurthy , Siddharth Garg , Farshad Khorrami

The superior performance of modern deep networks usually comes with a costly training procedure. This paper presents a new curriculum learning approach for the efficient training of visual backbones (e.g., vision Transformers). Our work is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-17 Yulin Wang , Yang Yue , Rui Lu , Tianjiao Liu , Zhao Zhong , Shiji Song , Gao Huang