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Related papers: Mitigating Simplicity Bias in Deep Learning for Im…

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Deep networks often exhibit a preference for "simple" solutions, and such a simplicity bias is widely believed to play a key role in generalization. Yet a broadly applicable, quantitative measure of simplicity remains elusive. We introduce…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Tianren Zhang , Xiangxin Li , Minghao Xiao , Guanyu Chen , Feng Chen

Neural networks often exhibit simplicity bias, favoring simpler features over more complex ones, even when both are equally predictive. We introduce a novel method called imbalanced label coupling to explore and extend this simplicity bias…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-23 Zhehang Du

Neural networks are often utilised in critical domain applications (e.g. self-driving cars, financial markets, and aerospace engineering), even though they exhibit overconfident predictions for ambiguous inputs. This deficiency demonstrates…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-03 John Mitros , Brian Mac Namee

Modern deep learning models generalize remarkably well in-distribution, despite being overparametrized and trained with little to no explicit regularization. Instead, current theory credits implicit regularization imposed by the choice of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Jonathan Wenger , Beau Coker , Juraj Marusic , John P. Cunningham

We investigate the generalizability of deep learning based on the sensitivity to input perturbation. We hypothesize that the high sensitivity to the perturbation of data degrades the performance on it. To reduce the sensitivity to…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-06-01 Yuichi Yoshida , Takeru Miyato

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have revolutionized artificial intelligence but often lack performance when faced with out-of-distribution (OOD) data, a common scenario due to the inevitable domain shifts in real-world applications. This…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-23 Arsham Gholamzadeh Khoee , Yinan Yu , Robert Feldt

Neural networks typically generalize well when fitting the data perfectly, even though they are heavily overparameterized. Many factors have been pointed out as the reason for this phenomenon, including an implicit bias of stochastic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Amit Peleg , Matthias Hein

Estimated density is often interpreted as indicating how typical a sample is under a model. Yet deep models trained on one dataset can assign higher density to simpler out-of-distribution (OOD) data than to in-distribution test data. We…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Weyl Lu , Chenjie Hao , Yubei Chen

The remarkable capability of over-parameterised neural networks to generalise effectively has been explained by invoking a ``simplicity bias'': neural networks prevent overfitting by initially learning simple classifiers before progressing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Riccardo Rende , Federica Gerace , Alessandro Laio , Sebastian Goldt

Most approaches to out-of-distribution (OOD) generalization learn domain-invariant representations by discarding contextual bias. In this paper, we raise a critical question: Should bias be eliminated? If not, is there a general way to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Yan Li , Yunlong Deng , Zijian Li , Anpeng Wu , Zeyu Tang , Kun Zhang , Guangyi Chen

The primary objective of learning methods is generalization. Classic uniform generalization bounds, which rely on VC-dimension or Rademacher complexity, fail to explain the significant attribute that over-parameterized models in deep…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-07 Lijia Yu , Yibo Miao , Yifan Zhu , Xiao-Shan Gao , Lijun Zhang

Dataset bias and spurious correlations can significantly impair generalization in deep neural networks. Many prior efforts have addressed this problem using either alternative loss functions or sampling strategies that focus on rare…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Robik Shrestha , Kushal Kafle , Christopher Kanan

Deep neural networks (NN) have achieved great success in many applications. However, why do deep neural networks obtain good generalization at an over-parameterization regime is still unclear. To better understand deep NN, we establish the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-12-02 Yueming Lyu , Ivor Tsang

In many contexts, simpler models are preferable to more complex models and the control of this model complexity is the goal for many methods in machine learning such as regularization, hyperparameter tuning and architecture design. In deep…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-27 Benoit Dherin , Michael Munn , Mihaela Rosca , David G. T. Barrett

A significant advance in accelerating neural network training has been the development of normalization methods, permitting the training of deep models both faster and with better accuracy. These advances come with practical challenges: for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-03-05 Jasmine Collins , Johannes Balle , Jonathon Shlens

Various normalization layers have been proposed to help the training of neural networks. Group Normalization (GN) is one of the effective and attractive studies that achieved significant performances in the visual recognition task. Despite…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-06 Agus Gunawan , Xu Yin , Kang Zhang

Out-of-distribution (O.O.D.) generalization remains to be a key challenge for real-world machine learning systems. We describe a method for O.O.D. generalization that, through training, encourages models to only preserve features in the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-09 Arjun Ashok , Chaitanya Devaguptapu , Vineeth Balasubramanian

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) generalize well despite their massive size and capability of memorizing all examples. There is a hypothesis that DNNs start learning from simple patterns and the hypothesis is based on the existence of examples…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-06-14 Ikki Kishida , Hideki Nakayama

Artificial neural networks perform state-of-the-art in an ever-growing number of tasks, and nowadays they are used to solve an incredibly large variety of tasks. There are problems, like the presence of biases in the training data, which…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-12-29 Enzo Tartaglione , Carlo Alberto Barbano , Marco Grangetto

Despite classical statistical theory predicting severe overfitting, modern massively overparameterized neural networks still generalize well. This unexpected property is attributed to the network's so-called implicit bias, which describes…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-14 Justin Sahs , Ryan Pyle , Fabio Anselmi , Ankit Patel