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Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have empowered AI agents capable of performing various sequential decision-making tasks. However, effectively guiding LLMs to perform well in unfamiliar domains like web navigation, where they…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-04 Yao Fu , Dong-Ki Kim , Jaekyeom Kim , Sungryull Sohn , Lajanugen Logeswaran , Kyunghoon Bae , Honglak Lee

Prompt engineering is crucial for achieving reliable and effective outputs from large language models (LLMs), but its design requires specialized knowledge of prompting techniques and a deep understanding of target tasks. To address this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Yohei Ikenoue , Hitomi Tashiro , Shigeru Kuroyanagi

The impressive performance of large language models (LLMs) has attracted considerable attention from the academic and industrial communities. Besides how to construct and train LLMs, how to effectively evaluate and compare the capacity of…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Zhumin Chu , Qingyao Ai , Yiteng Tu , Haitao Li , Yiqun Liu

While large language models (LLMs) challenge conventional methods of teaching and learning, they present an exciting opportunity to improve efficiency and scale high-quality instruction. One promising application is the generation of…

Existing approaches for aligning large language models with human preferences face a trade-off that requires a separate reward model (RM) for on-policy learning. In this paper, we present a novel alignment framework, SELF-JUDGE that (1)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-26 Sangkyu Lee , Sungdong Kim , Ashkan Yousefpour , Minjoon Seo , Kang Min Yoo , Youngjae Yu

Iterative retrieval refers to the process in which the model continuously queries the retriever during generation to enhance the relevance of the retrieved knowledge, thereby improving the performance of Retrieval-Augmented Generation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-02 Tian Yu , Shaolei Zhang , Yang Feng

With the rapid development of large language models (LLMs), generative reward models (GRMs) have been widely adopted for reward modeling and evaluation. Previous studies have primarily focused on training specialized GRMs by optimizing them…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Shaoning Sun , Jiachen Yu , Zongqi Wang , Xuewei Yang , Tianle Gu , Yujiu Yang

Automated text evaluation has long been a central issue in Natural Language Processing (NLP). Recently, the field has shifted toward using Large Language Models (LLMs) as evaluators-a trend known as the LLM-as-a-Judge paradigm. While…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Mohammad Ghiasvand Mohammadkhani , Hamid Beigy

In the rapidly evolving field of Explainable Natural Language Processing (NLP), textual explanations, i.e., human-like rationales, are pivotal for explaining model predictions and enriching datasets with interpretable labels. Traditional…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Mahdi Dhaini , Juraj Vladika , Ege Erdogan , Zineb Attaoui , Gjergji Kasneci

The performance of large language models (LLMs) is closely linked to their underlying size, leading to ever-growing networks and hence slower inference. Speculative decoding has been proposed as a technique to accelerate autoregressive…

With an increasing number of parameters and pre-training data, generative large language models (LLMs) have shown remarkable capabilities to solve tasks with minimal or no task-related examples. Notably, LLMs have been successfully employed…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Christoph Leiter , Juri Opitz , Daniel Deutsch , Yang Gao , Rotem Dror , Steffen Eger

Alignment with human preferences is an important evaluation aspect of LLMs, requiring them to be helpful, honest, safe, and to precisely follow human instructions. Evaluating large language models' (LLMs) alignment typically involves…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Yixin Liu , Pengfei Liu , Arman Cohan

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly seen as assistants, copilots, and consultants, capable of supporting a wide range of tasks through natural conversation. However, most systems remain constrained by a linear request-response…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Jiaqi Chen , Yanzhe Zhang , Yutong Zhang , Yijia Shao , Diyi Yang

Large Language Models (LLMs) trained on extensive textual corpora have emerged as leading solutions for a broad array of Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks. Despite their notable performance, these models are prone to certain…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-25 Yufei Wang , Wanjun Zhong , Liangyou Li , Fei Mi , Xingshan Zeng , Wenyong Huang , Lifeng Shang , Xin Jiang , Qun Liu

Generative Machine Learning models have become central to modern systems, powering applications in creative writing, summarization, multi-hop reasoning, and context-aware dialogue. These models underpin large-scale AI assistants, workflow…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-08 Arthur Cho

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has proven its effectiveness in alleviating hallucinations for Large Language Models (LLMs). However, existing automated evaluation metrics cannot fairly evaluate the outputs generated by RAG models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-27 Shuliang Liu , Xinze Li , Zhenghao Liu , Yukun Yan , Cheng Yang , Zheni Zeng , Zhiyuan Liu , Maosong Sun , Ge Yu

As Natural Language Generation (NLG) continues to be widely adopted, properly assessing it has become quite difficult. Lately, using large language models (LLMs) for evaluating these generations has gained traction, as they tend to align…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Rajarshi Haldar , Julia Hockenmaier

Natural language processing (NLP) has been traditionally applied to medicine, and generative large language models (LLMs) have become prominent recently. However, the differences between them across different medical tasks remain…

Leveraging advanced reasoning capabilities and extensive world knowledge of large language models (LLMs) to construct generative agents for solving complex real-world problems is a major trend. However, LLMs inherently lack embodiment as…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-07-23 Ye Jin , Ruoxuan Yang , Zhijie Yi , Xiaoxi Shen , Huiling Peng , Xiaoan Liu , Jingli Qin , Jiayang Li , Jintao Xie , Peizhong Gao , Guyue Zhou , Jiangtao Gong

Evaluation of large language model (LLM) outputs requires users to make critical judgments about the best outputs across various configurations. This process is costly and takes time given the large amounts of data. LLMs are increasingly…

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