GrandJury: A Collaborative Machine Learning Model Evaluation Protocol for Dynamic Quality Rubrics
Abstract
Generative Machine Learning models have become central to modern systems, powering applications in creative writing, summarization, multi-hop reasoning, and context-aware dialogue. These models underpin large-scale AI assistants, workflow automation, and autonomous decision-making. In such domains, acceptable response is rarely absolute or static, but plural and highly context-dependent. Yet standard evaluation regimes still rely on static, benchmark-style tests, incentivizing optimization toward leaderboard scores rather than alignment with dynamic user needs or evolving realities. GrandJury introduces a formal evaluation protocol combining time-decayed aggregation, complete traceability, with the support of dynamic, transparent task rubric attribution, and multi-rater human judgment. Together, these elements enable pluralistic, accountable evaluation that captures evolving consensus and surfaces disagreement. We provide an open-source implementation (grandjury PyPI package) and a public collection of Large Language Model (LLM) inference outputs to illustrate the need and method. GrandJury provides a new paradigm for AI practitioners when evaluating machine learning outputs without absolute ground truth.
Cite
@article{arxiv.2508.02926,
title = {GrandJury: A Collaborative Machine Learning Model Evaluation Protocol for Dynamic Quality Rubrics},
author = {Arthur Cho},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2508.02926},
year = {2025}
}
Comments
14 pages (incl. arXiv cover), 1 table, code & dataset links inside. Open-source implementation available on PyPI (grandjury package) and GitHub. Dataset available on Hugging Face under CC-BY-4.0 license