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The recent DeepSeek-R1 has showcased the emergence of reasoning capabilities in LLMs through reinforcement learning (RL) with rule-based rewards. Despite its success in language models, its application in multi-modal domains, particularly…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Zhengxi Lu , Yuxiang Chai , Yaxuan Guo , Xi Yin , Liang Liu , Hao Wang , Han Xiao , Shuai Ren , Guanjing Xiong , Hongsheng Li

Graphical User Interface (GUI) agents offer cross-platform solutions for automating complex digital tasks, with significant potential to transform productivity workflows. However, their performance is often constrained by the scarcity of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-16 Junlei Zhang , Zichen Ding , Chang Ma , Zijie Chen , Qiushi Sun , Zhenzhong Lan , Junxian He

This work presents a simple yet effective workflow for automatically scaling instruction-following data to elicit pixel-level grounding capabilities of VLMs under complex instructions. In particular, we address five critical real-world…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Yongshuo Zong , Qin Zhang , Dongsheng An , Zhihua Li , Xiang Xu , Linghan Xu , Zhuowen Tu , Yifan Xing , Onkar Dabeer

One of the final frontiers in the development of complex human - AI collaborative systems is the ability of AI agents to comprehend the natural language and perform tasks accordingly. However, training efficient Reinforcement Learning (RL)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-09 Chaitanya Kharyal , Sai Krishna Gottipati , Tanmay Kumar Sinha , Srijita Das , Matthew E. Taylor

Large Multimodal Models (LMMs) extend Large Language Models to the vision domain. Initial LMMs used holistic images and text prompts to generate ungrounded textual responses. Recently, region-level LMMs have been used to generate visually…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Hanoona Rasheed , Muhammad Maaz , Sahal Shaji Mullappilly , Abdelrahman Shaker , Salman Khan , Hisham Cholakkal , Rao M. Anwer , Erix Xing , Ming-Hsuan Yang , Fahad S. Khan

Large language models (LLMs) have notably accelerated progress towards artificial general intelligence (AGI), with their impressive zero-shot capacity for user-tailored tasks, endowing them with immense potential across a range of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-26 Wenhai Wang , Zhe Chen , Xiaokang Chen , Jiannan Wu , Xizhou Zhu , Gang Zeng , Ping Luo , Tong Lu , Jie Zhou , Yu Qiao , Jifeng Dai

Training effective Vision-Language Models (VLMs) for GUI agents typically depends on large-scale annotated datasets, whose collection is both labor-intensive and error-prone. We introduce K-step GUI Transition, a self-supervised inverse…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Longxi Gao , Li Zhang , Pengzhi Gao , Wei Liu , Jian Luan , Mengwei Xu

The existing Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) for GUI perception have made great progress. However, the following challenges still exist in prior methods: 1) They model discrete coordinates based on text autoregressive mechanism,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-08 Hongyi Jing , Jiafu Chen , Chen Rao , Ziqiang Dang , Jiajie Teng , Tianyi Chu , Juncheng Mo , Shuo Fang , Huaizhong Lin , Rui Lv , Chenguang Ma , Lei Zhao

Large pretrained models are showing increasingly better performance in reasoning and planning tasks across different modalities, opening the possibility to leverage them for complex sequential decision making problems. In this paper, we…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Martin Klissarov , Devon Hjelm , Alexander Toshev , Bogdan Mazoure

The evolution of Large Language Models (LLMs) has showcased remarkable capacities for logical reasoning and natural language comprehension. These capabilities can be leveraged in solutions that semantically and textually model complex…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-04-17 Syed Mekael Wasti , Ken Q. Pu , Ali Neshati

Vision-language models (VLMs) have shown powerful capabilities in visual question answering and reasoning tasks by combining visual representations with the abstract skill set large language models (LLMs) learn during pretraining. Vision,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-09-01 Riley Tavassoli , Mani Amani , Reza Akhavian

Large language models (LLMs) excel at generating code from natural language (NL) descriptions. However, the plain textual descriptions are inherently ambiguous and often fail to capture complex requirements like intricate system behaviors,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-06 Wenxin Mao , Zhitao Wang , Long Wang , Sirong Chen , Cuiyun Gao , Luyang Cao , Ziming Liu , Qiming Zhang , Jun Zhou , Zhi Jin

Layered architectures have been widely used in robot systems. The majority of them implement planning and execution functions in separate layers. However, there still lacks a straightforward way to transit high-level tasks in the planning…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-10-03 Yue Cao , C. S. George Lee

This paper presents the development of an AI-powered workflow that uses Large Language Models (LLMs) to assist in drafting schematic architectural floor plans from natural language prompts. The proposed system interprets textual input to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Jayakrishna Duggempudi , Lu Gao , Ahmed Senouci , Zhe Han , Yunpeng Zhang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have gained popularity in task planning for long-horizon manipulation tasks. To enhance the validity of LLM-generated plans, visual demonstrations and online videos have been widely employed to guide the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-03-12 Kejia Chen , Zheng Shen , Yue Zhang , Lingyun Chen , Fan Wu , Zhenshan Bing , Sami Haddadin , Alois Knoll

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) perform well on many vision-language tasks but often struggle with vision-centric problems that require fine-grained visual reasoning. Recent evidence suggests that this limitation arises not from…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Sophia Sirko-Galouchenko , Monika Wysoczanska , Andrei Bursuc , Nicolas Thome , Spyros Gidaris

The emergence of large language models (LLMs) has revolutionized machine learning and related fields, showcasing remarkable abilities in comprehending, generating, and manipulating human language. However, their conventional usage through…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-18 Andrea Bacciu , Florin Cuconasu , Federico Siciliano , Fabrizio Silvestri , Nicola Tonellotto , Giovanni Trappolini

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success across a wide range of natural language tasks, and recent efforts have sought to extend their capabilities to multimodal domains and resource-constrained environments. However,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Yun-Da Tsai

In executable task-oriented semantic parsing, the system aims to translate users' utterances in natural language to machine-interpretable programs (API calls) that can be executed according to pre-defined API specifications. With the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-05-25 Shufan Wang , Sebastien Jean , Sailik Sengupta , James Gung , Nikolaos Pappas , Yi Zhang

There has been a lot of interest in grounding natural language to physical entities through visual context. While Vision Language Models (VLMs) can ground linguistic instructions to visual sensory information, they struggle with grounding…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-03-10 Angelos Mavrogiannis , Dehao Yuan , Yiannis Aloimonos